Cells: Cell Structure And Function: Examine Under The Microscope, Animal Cells And Plant Cells From Any Suitable Locally Available Material, Using An Appropriate Temporary Staining Technique, Such As Methylene Blue Or Iodine Solution

Cells: Cell Structure And Function: Draw Diagrams To Represent Observations Of The Animal And Plant Cells Examined Above

Cells: Cell Structure And Function: Identify On Diagrams, Photomicrographs Or Electron Micrographs, The Ribosomes, Mitochondria, Nucleus, Cytoplasm And Cell Membrane In An Animal Cell

Cells: Cell Structure And Function: Identify On Diagrams, Photomicrographs Or Electron Micrographs, The Ribosomes, Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, Nucleus, Sap Vacuole, Cytoplasm, Cell Membrane And Cellulose Cell Wall In A Plant Cell

Cells: Cell Structure And Function: Describe The Structure Of A Bacterial Cell, Limited To: Ribosomes, Circular Deoxyribonucleic Acid (Dna) And Plasmids, Cytoplasm, Cell Membrane And Cell Wall

Cells: Cell Structure And Function: Describe The Functions Of The Above Structures In Animal, Plant And Bacterial Cells

Cells: Specialised Cells, Tissues And Organs: Understand That Cells Can Become Specialised And That Their Structures Are Related To Their Specific Functions, As Illustrated By Examples Covered In The Syllabus

Cells: Specialised Cells, Tissues And Organs: Understand The Terms Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System And Organism As Illustrated By Examples Covered In The Syllabus

Cells: Specialised Cells, Tissues And Organs: State And Use The Formula Magnification = Image Size Actual Size

Classification: Concept And Use Of A Classification System: Understand That Organisms Can Be Classified Into Groups By The Features They Share

Classification: Concept And Use Of A Classification System: Describe A Species As A Group Of Organisms That Can Reproduce To Produce Fertile Offspring

Classification: Concept And Use Of A Classification System: Describe The Binomial System Of Naming Species As An Internationally Agreed System In Which The Scientific Name Of An Organism Is Made Up Of Two Parts Showing The Genus And Species

Classification: Concept And Use Of A Classification System: Construct And Use Dichotomous Keys Based On Identifiable Features

Classification: Features Of Organisms: State The Main Features Used To Place All Organisms Into One Of The Five Kingdoms: Animal, Plant, Fungus, Prokaryote, Protoctist

Classification: Features Of Organisms: State The Main Features Used To Place Organisms Into Groups Within The Animal Kingdom, Limited To: (A) The Main Groups Of Vertebrates: Mammals, Birds, Reptiles, Amphibians, Fish (B) The Main Groups Of Arthropods: Myriapods, Insects, Arachnids, Crustaceans

Classification: Features Of Organisms: State The Main Features Used To Place Organisms Into Groups Within The Plant Kingdom, Limited To Ferns And Flowering Plants (Dicotyledons And Monocotyledons)

Classification: Features Of Organisms: Classify Organisms Using The Features Identified In 2.2.1, 2.2.2 And 2.2.3

Classification: Features Of Organisms: State The Main Features Of Viruses, Limited To Protein Coat And Genetic Material

Classification: Features Of Organisms: Understand That Viruses Can Only Replicate In Living Cells

Movement Into And Out Of Cells: Diffusion And Osmosis: Describe The Role Of Water As A Solvent In Organisms With Reference To Digestion, Excretion And Transport

Movement Into And Out Of Cells: Diffusion And Osmosis: Understand That The Energy For Diffusion And Osmosis Comes From The Kinetic Energy Of Random Movement Of Molecules And Ions

Movement Into And Out Of Cells: Diffusion And Osmosis: Understand Diffusion As The Net Movement Of Molecules Or Ions From A Region Of Their Higher Concentration To A Region Of Their Lower Concentration (I.e. Down A Concentration Gradient), As A Result Of Their Random Movement

Movement Into And Out Of Cells: Diffusion And Osmosis: v

Movement Into And Out Of Cells: Diffusion And Osmosis: Understand Osmosis As The Net Movement Of Water Molecules From A Region Of Higher Water Potential To A Region Of Lower Water Potential, Through A Partially Permeable Membrane

Movement Into And Out Of Cells: Diffusion And Osmosis: Understand That Plants Are Supported By The Pressure Of Water Inside The Cells Pressing Outwards On The Cell Wall

Movement Into And Out Of Cells: Diffusion And Osmosis: Describe The Effects Of Osmosis On Plant And Animal Tissues And Explain The Importance Of Water Potential Gradient And Osmosis In The Uptake And Loss Of Water

Movement Into And Out Of Cells: Diffusion And Osmosis: Investigate And Explain The Effects On Plant Tissues Of Immersing Them In Solutions Of Different Concentrations, Using The Terms Turgid, Turgor Pressure, Plasmolysis And Flaccid

Movement Into And Out Of Cells: Diffusion And Osmosis: Investigate Osmosis Using Materials Such As Dialysis Tubing

Movement Into And Out Of Cells: Active Transport: Understand Active Transport As The Movement Of Molecules Or Ions Into Or Out Of A Cell Through The Cell Membrane, From A Region Of Their Lower Concentration To A Region Of Their Higher Concentration (I.e. Against A Concentration Gradient), Using Energy Released During Respiration

Movement Into And Out Of Cells: Active Transport: Explain The Importance Of Active Transport In Ion Uptake By Root Hair Cells

Biological Molecules: Biological Molecules: List The Chemical Elements That Make Up: (A) Carbohydrates (B) Lipids (Fats And Oils) (C) Proteins (D) Dna

Biological Molecules: Biological Molecules: Describe And Be Able To Do Chemical Tests For: (A) Starch (Iodine Solution) (B) Glucose And Maltose (Benedict’s Solution) (C) Protein (Biuret Test) (D) Lipids (Ethanol Emulsion Test)

Enzymes: Enzyme Action: Describe A Catalyst As A Substance That Increases The Rate Of A Chemical Reaction And Is Not Changed By The Reaction

Enzymes: Enzyme Action: Describe Enzymes As Proteins That Function As Biological Catalysts And Are Involved In All Metabolic Reactions

Enzymes: Enzyme Action: Explain Enzyme Action With Reference To The Substrate, Active Site, Enzyme-substrate Complex, And Product

Enzymes: Enzyme Action: Explain The Specificity Of Enzymes In Terms Of The Complementary Shape And Fit Of The Active Site With The Substrate (‘lock And Key’ Hypothesis)

Enzymes: Effects Of Temperature And Ph: Understand That The Progress Of Enzyme-catalysed Reactions Can Be Followed By Measuring The Concentrations Of Reactants And Products

Enzymes: Effects Of Temperature And Ph: Investigate And Describe The Effects Of Temperature And Ph On Enzyme Activity

Enzymes: Effects Of Temperature And Ph: Explain The Effect Of Changes In Temperature And Ph On Enzyme Activity In Terms Of Kinetic Energy, Shape And Fit, Denaturation And The Frequency Of Effective Collisions