Sample Quizzes For Preparation: Excretion
Q1.
What is the correct definition of excretion?
A) Removal of undigested food through the anus
B) Breakdown of food into smaller molecules
C) Removal of waste products of metabolism from organisms
D) Conversion of glucose to energy
Q2.
Which of the following is excreted through the lungs?
A) Oxygen
B) Urea
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Nitrogen gas
Q3.
Which organ is responsible for producing urea?
A) Kidney
B) Liver
C) Lung
D) Pancreas
Q4.
What is the toxic nitrogenous waste produced during the breakdown of excess amino acids?
A) Ammonia
B) Glucose
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Urea
Q5.
Which of the following is not part of the urinary system?
A) Kidney
B) Ureter
C) Bladder
D) Liver
Q6.
What is the main function of the kidney?
A) Digest proteins
B) Store urine
C) Filter blood to remove urea and regulate water balance
D) Produce enzymes for digestion
Q7.
What is the function of the ureter?
A) Filter blood
B) Produce urine
C) Transport urine to the bladder
D) Store urine temporarily
Q8.
Which part of the urinary system temporarily stores urine?
A) Kidney
B) Bladder
C) Ureter
D) Urethra
Q9.
What is the role of the urethra?
A) Filters blood
B) Stores urine
C) Produces urine
D) Excretes urine out of the body
Q10.
Which of the following best explains why excretion is essential?
A) It helps with food digestion
B) It eliminates useful amino acids
C) It removes toxic substances like urea
D) It stores energy in the liver
Q11.
What is the first part of the nephron that receives blood for filtration?
A) Loop of Henle
B) Glomerulus
C) Collecting duct
D) Ureter
Q12.
Which structure surrounds the glomerulus?
A) Loop of Henle
B) Bowman’s capsule
C) Collecting duct
D) Renal artery
Q13.
Where does filtration of glucose, water, urea, and ions occur?
A) Ureter
B) Glomerulus
C) Bladder
D) Collecting duct
Q14.
Which substance is not reabsorbed in the nephron?
A) All glucose
B) Some water
C) Some ions
D) All urea
Q15.
Which part of the nephron plays a key role in water reabsorption?
A) Collecting duct
B) Urethra
C) Glomerulus
D) Bowman’s capsule
Q16.
What is found in urine?
A) Red blood cells and glucose
B) Urea, excess water, excess salts
C) Protein and white blood cells
D) All glucose and useful ions
Q17.
Which process occurs when the nitrogen-containing part of amino acids is removed?
A) Assimilation
B) Transpiration
C) Deamination
D) Respiration
Q18.
Which organ is responsible for deamination?
A) Kidney
B) Pancreas
C) Liver
D) Heart
Q19.
What is the result of deamination?
A) Glucose and oxygen
B) Protein and amino acids
C) Carbon dioxide and water
D) Urea and a carbon skeleton
Q20.
What happens to the urea produced in the liver?
A) It is stored in the liver
B) It is used to build proteins
C) It is transported to the kidney for excretion
D) It is absorbed by the intestines
Q21.
Which of the following is reabsorbed completely in the nephron?
A) Urea
B) Glucose
C) Excess water
D) All ions
Q22.
Which part of the nephron reabsorbs water and salt based on the body’s needs?
A) Glomerulus
B) Collecting duct
C) Ureter
D) Bowman’s capsule
Q23.
Which blood vessel enters the glomerulus?
A) Renal vein
B) Aorta
C) Afferent arteriole
D) Pulmonary vein
Q24.
Which vessel leaves the glomerulus carrying filtered blood?
A) Renal artery
B) Efferent arteriole
C) Capillary network
D) Hepatic vein
Q25.
Which part of the nephron is a U-shaped tube in the medulla?
A) Collecting duct
B) Proximal tubule
C) Loop of Henle
D) Bowman’s capsule
Q26.
Which of the following is not excreted by the kidney?
A) Urea
B) Excess ions
C) Red blood cells
D) Excess water
Q27.
What is the role of the liver in protein metabolism?
A) Breaking proteins into amino acids
B) Excreting protein waste
C) Converting amino acids into proteins
D) Storing excess amino acids
Q28.
How are useful amino acids handled by the liver?
A) Excreted in sweat
B) Converted into proteins
C) Removed by kidneys
D) Broken down into glucose
Q29.
Which of the following substances should not be present in urine under normal conditions?
A) Urea
B) Glucose
C) Excess water
D) Excess salts
Q30.
Which part of the nephron collects urine for delivery to the renal pelvis?
A) Collecting duct
B) Glomerulus
C) Loop of Henle
D) Proximal tubule
Answers and Explanations
Q1 – C
Excretion is defined as the removal of waste products of metabolism. A is egestion, not excretion.
Q2 – C
Carbon dioxide is removed by the lungs during exhalation. Oxygen is inhaled, not excreted.
Q3 – B
Urea is produced in the liver through deamination. The kidney filters it, but doesn’t create it.
Q4 – D
Urea is a toxic nitrogenous compound formed when excess amino acids are broken down.
Q5 – D
The liver is not part of the urinary system. It is involved in metabolism and detoxification.
Q6 – C
The kidney filters the blood to remove urea and balance water/salt content. It doesn’t store urine.
Q7 – C
Ureters are muscular tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
Q8 – B
The bladder stores urine until excretion. The urethra removes it.
Q9 – D
The urethra is the final pathway for excreting urine from the body.
Q10 – C
Excretion is needed to remove toxic substances like urea. Without it, these would damage cells.
Q11 – B
The glomerulus is the site of filtration. It receives blood from the afferent arteriole.
Q12 – B
Bowman’s capsule surrounds the glomerulus and collects the filtrate.
Q13 – B
Filtration occurs in the glomerulus where small molecules are pushed into Bowman’s capsule.
Q14 – D
Urea is not reabsorbed. Glucose is fully reabsorbed, while some water and ions are reabsorbed.
Q15 – A
The collecting duct reabsorbs water and adjusts final urine concentration.
Q16 – B
Urine consists of urea, excess water, and salts. Red blood cells and glucose should not be present.
Q17 – C
Deamination is the removal of the nitrogen group from amino acids to form urea.
Q18 – C
The liver performs deamination and converts amino acids into useful forms or waste.
Q19 – D
Deamination produces urea and a carbon skeleton that can be used in respiration or storage.
Q20 – C
Urea travels in the bloodstream to the kidneys where it is filtered out and excreted.
Q21 – B
All glucose is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule under normal conditions.
Q22 – B
The collecting duct fine-tunes water and ion reabsorption based on hormonal signals.
Q23 – C
The afferent arteriole delivers blood to the glomerulus under high pressure.
Q24 – B
The efferent arteriole carries blood away after filtration in the glomerulus.
Q25 – C
The Loop of Henle is U-shaped and critical for water balance in the nephron.
Q26 – C
Red blood cells are too large to be filtered. Their presence in urine indicates a problem.
Q27 – C
The liver uses amino acids to build proteins needed by the body.
Q28 – B
Useful amino acids are assimilated into proteins rather than excreted.
Q29 – B
Glucose should be reabsorbed completely. Its presence in urine suggests diabetes.
Q30 – A
The collecting duct gathers urine and delivers it to the renal pelvis and then ureter.