Sample Quizzes For Preparation: The Microscope In Cell Studies

AS Level Biology – The Microscope in Cell Studies

Questions

1. What is the purpose of using a stage micrometer?
A. To focus the microscope lens
B. To measure the diameter of cells
C. To calibrate the eyepiece graticule
D. To clean the microscope slide

2. Which microscope has the highest resolving power?
A. Light microscope
B. Scanning electron microscope
C. Transmission electron microscope
D. Compound microscope

3. Which feature is unique to electron microscopes?
A. Use of glass lenses
B. Use of light rays
C. Ability to image living specimens
D. Use of electron beams

4. What is the correct formula for magnification?
A. Actual size ÷ Image size
B. Image size ÷ Actual size
C. Image size × Actual size
D. Actual size × Image size

5. Which of the following units is the smallest?
A. Millimetre
B. Centimetre
C. Micrometre
D. Nanometre

6. What is the resolution limit of a light microscope?
A. 200 µm
B. 200 nm
C. 2 nm
D. 0.2 mm

7. Which of these methods is used to estimate the size of a specimen under a light microscope?
A. Electron beam calibration
B. Eyepiece graticule and stage micrometer
C. Thermocouple scale
D. Oil immersion lens

8. Why can’t living specimens be viewed using an electron microscope?
A. The resolution is too high
B. They are too small
C. They require vacuum conditions
D. Electron microscopes magnify too much

9. What does the term ‘verstehen’ refer to in microscopy?
A. Understanding biological meaning
B. Calculating resolution
C. Electron refraction
D. Not a microscopy term

10. Which is a correct magnification calculation?
A. 5 cm image of 50 µm object = ×100
B. 5 mm image of 50 µm object = ×10
C. 5 cm image of 500 µm object = ×100
D. 5 cm image of 50 µm object = ×1000

11. Which microscope component adjusts light intensity?
A. Coarse focus knob
B. Eyepiece
C. Diaphragm
D. Objective lens

12. What is the purpose of staining in microscopy?
A. To preserve cell organelles
B. To increase magnification
C. To increase contrast
D. To calibrate the microscope

13. What is magnification if image = 12 mm and actual = 3 µm?
A. ×400
B. ×4000
C. ×40
D. ×4

14. Which organelle is not visible under a light microscope?
A. Nucleus
B. Mitochondrion
C. Ribosome
D. Chloroplast

15. Which microscope is used to study internal cell structure in high detail?
A. Light microscope
B. Scanning electron microscope
C. Dissecting microscope
D. Transmission electron microscope

16. Why do electron microscopes require vacuum?
A. To keep the lens cool
B. To remove light
C. To prevent electron scattering
D. To preserve the image

17. Which magnification lens combination gives ×400 total magnification?
A. Eyepiece ×10 and objective ×40
B. Eyepiece ×10 and objective ×10
C. Eyepiece ×40 and objective ×4
D. Eyepiece ×20 and objective ×20

18. What is the correct definition of resolution?
A. Ability to increase image size
B. Ability to see detail
C. Ability to separate two points clearly
D. Ability to use light effectively

19. Which method provides 3D surface detail of a specimen?
A. Bright-field microscopy
B. Scanning electron microscopy
C. Transmission electron microscopy
D. Phase contrast microscopy

20. Which stain is typically used for plant cells to highlight nuclei?
A. Iodine
B. Methylene blue
C. Acetic orcein
D. Ethanol

21. What unit is used to measure organelles like mitochondria?
A. Millimetres
B. Micrometres
C. Nanometres
D. Centimetres

22. Which microscope uses magnetic lenses instead of glass lenses?
A. Light microscope
B. Fluorescent microscope
C. SEM
D. Compound microscope

23. What is the role of the coarse focus knob?
A. Fine tuning
B. Measuring scale
C. Major image adjustment
D. Adjusting brightness

24. What is the primary advantage of a TEM over an SEM?
A. Lower cost
B. Use in field work
C. Higher resolution
D. Colour images

25. Which of the following best explains ‘magnification’?
A. The distance between two points
B. The power to produce sharpness
C. The number of times larger an image is than actual
D. The method of focusing light

26. Which organelle can be clearly seen using an electron microscope but not a light microscope?
A. Golgi body
B. Mitochondrion
C. Ribosome
D. Nucleolus

27. Which best describes the working of a light microscope?
A. Electrons pass through the object
B. Uses UV light
C. Light passes through lenses to magnify the specimen
D. Surface imaging only

28. Why is immersion oil used with a high-power lens?
A. To cool the lens
B. To prevent light scattering
C. To clean the specimen
D. To stain the image

29. If the eyepiece graticule has 10 divisions equal to 1 mm on the micrometer, what is one division worth?
A. 0.01 mm
B. 0.1 mm
C. 0.5 mm
D. 1 mm

30. Which specimen preparation technique best preserves internal structure?
A. Smearing
B. Fixing and embedding
C. Staining
D. Dipping in water

31. Which microscope component is responsible for rotating different objective lenses?
A. Eyepiece
B. Nosepiece
C. Diaphragm
D. Base

32. A structure is measured at 80 µm. What is its length in mm?
A. 0.8 mm
B. 0.08 mm
C. 0.008 mm
D. 8 mm

33. Which of the following can be used to make a temporary slide?
A. Plastic plate
B. Nail polish
C. Glass slide and cover slip
D. Metal slide

34. Which specimen would benefit most from using SEM instead of light microscope?
A. Onion cell nucleus
B. Pollen grain surface
C. Root tip cell wall
D. Mitochondrial matrix

35. Which of the following is visible in both light and electron microscopes?
A. Ribosomes
B. Endoplasmic reticulum
C. Chloroplasts
D. Cell wall

Marking Key and Explanations

1. C – Used to calibrate the graticule
2. C – TEM offers the highest resolving power
3. D – Electron microscopes use electron beams
4. B – Magnification = Image size ÷ Actual size
5. D – 1 nm < 1 µm < 1 mm
6. B – 200 nm is the resolution limit for light microscopes
7. B – Standard method to measure under light microscope
8. C – Vacuum is required; living cells cannot survive
9. D – Not related to microscopy
10. D – 5 cm ÷ 0.005 cm = ×1000
11. C – Diaphragm controls light intensity
12. C – Staining increases contrast
13. B – 12 mm = 12,000 µm ÷ 3 µm = ×4000
14. C – Ribosomes are too small for light microscope
15. D – TEM shows high internal detail
16. C – Electrons scatter in air
17. A – 10 × 40 = 400
18. C – Resolution = distinguish two points
19. B – SEM gives 3D surface views
20. A – Iodine stains starch and highlights nuclei
21. B – Organelle sizes are in µm
22. C – SEM and TEM use magnetic lenses
23. C – Coarse knob makes large adjustments
24. C – TEM has higher resolution
25. C – Magnification enlarges the image
26. C – Ribosomes only seen in electron microscopy
27. C – Light passes through specimen
28. B – Prevents refraction and increases resolution
29. B – 1 mm ÷ 10 = 0.1 mm
30. B – Fixing & embedding preserves internal structure
31. B – Nosepiece rotates lenses
32. B – 80 µm = 0.08 mm
33. C – Proper temporary slide setup
34. B – SEM is ideal for surface structure
35. C – Chloroplasts visible in both microscope types