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Major Themes of the Quran | O Level Islamiyat 2058 & IGCSE Islamiyat 0493 | Detailed Free Notes To Score An A Star (A*)

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1.1 Basic Concepts

  • There are multiple themes that can be identified in the Holy Quran.
    • Some themes are more dominant than the others.
    • Here, we are considered with three major themes
      • Allah in Himself
      • Allah’s Relationship with the Created World
      • Allah’s Relationship with His Messengers
  • Each theme we will study will be explained using 5 different Surah or Ayats
  • Remember
    • Our first question in component 1 will always be from these themes.
    • Our second question in component 1 CAN be from these themes as well
      • If this happens, it will be really difficult – so we need to study super hard for it.
    • We will discuss these aspects in paper discussion classes.
  • In question 1
    • You will be provided with the Arabic text and its English translation
    • Thus, you DO NOT need to memorize anything by heart
  • Basically the first question is divided into two parts
    • In part (a)
      • You have to explain the meaning of the passages
      • The simplest tricks is to explain the meaning of the passages in your own words
    • In part (b)
      • You need to tell the importance and significance of the passages
      • Easiest tricks if to connect them with current human lives and see where they can apply
    • We will discuss all these aspects in detail in the paper discussion classes

1.2 Surah 2: 225

  • Ayat Ul Kursi
  • Answer information for part (a)
    • Oneness of Allah
    • Eternal:
      • He has been living for ever and will always live
      • Muslims should not believe that Allah will die
      • Death is a creation of Allah
        • It only affects created beings, not the creator himself
    • Self-subsisting
      • He does not need food or sleep
      • He can maintain himself
        • He is not like Humans
        • Humans need parents to sustain them in early days.
        • We need companions to sustain us for the rest of our lives
        • Allah does not need such sustenance
    • No sleep
      • He constantly watches over everything
      • Does not get tired
      • He does not need any form of rest
      • The main reason is that fatigue is also a creation of Allah that impacts created beings only
        • Fatigue can not impact Allah himself
    • Everything belongs to him
      • He is the owner of this World
      • Thus, a Muslim must never say that I OWN SOMETHING
        • Instead, we must say that Allah blessed us with His blessings.
    • No one can intercede in his knowledge
      • All knowledge that humans have is with the permission of Allah
      • No palmist can tell knowledge of the Ghaib
      • Knowledge can not be gained without the permission or help of Allah
      • This aspect is the main reason we recite “Rabbe Zidni Ilma”
    • He knows all that has occurred before us and that will occur after us.
      • There is nothing that is hidden from Allah
      • Even things that we do alone are all known to him
    • He gives his knowledge by his choice
      • Hazrat Isa used to bring people back to life ONLY by the will of Allah
      • Everything that the Holy Prophet PBUH knew was by the will of Allah
      • Everything that any human knows is from Allah
      • Instead of saying that someone is too intelligent, we must praise Allah that he gave that much knowledge to a person
    • He is the ruler of everything
      • Nothing is ruled by any other supposed deity
      • No idols can intercede in his rule.
    • He never gets tired guarding everything
      • He is the only being from whom we should ask for security
      • No one can harm us if we are under his security
      • His protection encompasses everything
    • He has power over all
      • No one can do anything if Allah protects us.
      • For example
        • If someone says “I am such and such, so fear me” always remember that Allah has control over them and complete power over them as well
        • Thus, they can do nothing to us if we seek the protection of Allah.

  • Answer for (b)

    • Muslims should not pray to any other fake god
      • Only Allah is the real God
      • Praying to any fake God is complete Shirk.
      • It can land us in hell
    • Muslims should not believe that Allah needs anything to eat or sleep
      • Issues that impact humans like sleep or hunger are creations of Allah for human beings and other created beings only.
      • He does not experience those issues.
    • No person who claims that he has Ghaib’s knowledge is true
      • All knowledge is with Allah and no one can intercede except he wills
      • We should never ask anyone to tell the future.
        • No one knows it except Allah
    • It is wrong to say that Prophet’s knew things themselves
      • It was what Allah told them
    • No saint of palmist can tell Ilm-Al-Ghaib
      • Thus, asking people to tell your future is a part of Shirk.
    • Allah knows everything so we should refrain from evils
      • We should not commit evils when we are alone thinking no one is seeing us.
    • He can guard us the best
      • We should ask for his protection only
      • Do not rely on human security.
      • Only choose Allah’s protection in danger
    • Only he should be worshiped
      • Do not worship anyone else.

2.0 Lesson Objectives

  • Allah in Himself
    • 2.1 Surah 6 101-103
    • 2.2 Surah 41. 37
    • 2.3 Surah 42. 4-5
    • 2.4 Surah 112

2.1 Surah 6 101-103

  • Key Points To Answer Part a
    • The Surah name is Surah An’aam
    • Allah is the one who has created heavens and the Earth
      • Heavens refers to skies in this context
      • Thus, everything that is contained in the skies and on the ground is also Allah’s creation.
    • He has no consort
      • The word consort not only means wife
      • It means a woman capable of giving birth
      • As Allah has no consort, He can have no son.
    • He has complete knowledge of all creation
      • Whatever we do is known to Allah
    • He is the only God worthy of worship
      • Every other being that people belonging to other religions worship are not true God.
    • He is the only Being who can correct any issue that occurs in our lives
      • He can do anything
      • The issues can not be corrected by anyone except him
    • Human mind cannot understand what God looks like
      • Anything that can be completely understood by the human mind can not be God
      • For example, if you know what a nose looks like, then God has no nose because we can not determine what he exactly looks like.
    • Allah looks over everything and He can see everything all the time.
      • This means he sees human actions even when no one else is around.
    • His blessings are a way of understanding Him
      • BUT He does NOT look like or is like anything that human mind can comprehend
      • Thus, although we can understand how BENEFICENT Allah is by looking at the numerous blessings like Trees, stones, and rivers etc. We should not believe that anyone of these blessings is Allah. They are just creations like us.
  • Key Points for Part b
    • He is the only one worthy of worship
      • Muslims should worship Allah only.
      • No idol worship allowed in Islam
    • We should not believe that Jesus is the son of God
      • Allah has no wife and no son.
      • Thinking that Jesus or anyone is the son of God is a great sin.
    • We should refrain from evil deeds as Allah knows all that we do.
      • Muslims should not commit any sin even when they are alone believing that no one is seeing them as Allah is always seeing them.
    • We should ask for Allah’s help when we are in trouble.
      • We should not ask for help from created beings as they have no real power
      • The only real power is of Allah and He can correct any issue we are facing.
    • If human mind can understand anything or see anything
      • Such thing is not God
        • For example, I can see what tree looks like so Allah DOES NOT look like a tree
      • God cannot be comprehended by human mind
        • He is above his creation in terms of how he looks
    • We should thank Allah for his blessings.
      • Muslims should remain thankful even if they face any difficult situation as they still have thousands of other blessings from Allah.

2.2 Surah 41. 37

  • Key Points for Answer (a)
    • The name of the Surah is Surah Fussilat
    • Allah’s creations are his signs
      • Night and day
      • Sun and moon
      • We need to understand that these blessings are a sign of Allah
    • Muslims should praise Allah for these creations
      • Instead of praising the creations
      • We should not say, “Oh look how amazing the sun is”
      • Instead, we should say that how magnificent is the Creator of this sun.
    • Allah created everything
      • No other being has any claim to be God as they are all created beings
    • It is Allah Muslims must serve
      • Not the creation like sun and moon
      • We must not be like “Bhagwaan Sooraj is our lord”
      • Instead, we should pray to the true Creator of everything i.e. Allah.
  • Key Points for Answer (b)
    • Muslims should not pray or worship created things
    • We should praise Allah when we see some spectacular creation
      • Instead of praising the spectacular thing
      • We should say Ma Shah Allah and Alhamdullilah
    • We should serve Allah only
      • We should not serve Created Beings

2.3 Surah 42. 4-5

  • The name of the Surah is Sura Shura
  • Key Points for answer (a)
    • Everything in the heavens and on earth belongs to Allah
      • Here, heavens means skies
      • In essence, it means everything belongs to Allah
    • Allah is the greatest
      • There is no being greater than Allah
    • 3 meanings of rent asunder
      • Allah’s wrath and anger is so much that skies are about to burst
        • The skies can not bear the anger of Allah
        • They are about to burst.
      • The weight of the angels above the skies worshiping Allah is very high
        • There are so many angels in the skies that worship Allah
        • The skies can not bear their weight and are about to crumble
    • Angels are Allah’s creation and worship Him only
      • Angels are not creators
      • Angels do not do other things
        • They only worship Allah and do what He tells them to do
    • Angels pray for forgiveness of Muslims
      • They can NOT forgive Muslims for their sins, that power is with Allah only.
      • They can only seek forgiveness
    • Allah is the most forgiving and merciful
      • He can forgive us for our crimes and bad deeds.
  • Key Points for part (b)
    • We should worship Allah only
      • No being except Allah is worthy of worship
    • No one is greater than Allah
      • No saint is greater than Allah
      • We should not worship saints.
    • Human beings should not commit sins as Allah’s wrath is even felt by the skies
      • Human beings would not be able to withstand the wrath of Allah on the Day of Judgement
    • Angels should not be worshiped
      • They are creations of Allah
      • Creations are not worthy of worship
    • Muslims should do Taubah as Allah is most forgiving
      • He can forgive us from our sins
      • We should not thin that we are hopeless and no one can help us.

2.4 Surah 112

  • Surah Ikhlas
  • Key Points for Part (a)
    • Allah is one and only
      • There is no second to Allah
      • There is no concept to multiple gods
    • Allah is eternal
      • He has been living for ever and He will live forever
      • He will never die
    • Allah does not give birth nor was He given birth
      • Allah is not the son of anyone
      • No one is the son of Allah
    • Allah is unique and one of a kind
      • There is nothing that resembles Allah even the slightest
  • Key points for Part (b)
    • Surah Ikhlas presents a 4-step test to judge if anyone of anything that claims to be God is actually God or not
    • Test One: There must be only one of Him
      • Anything claiming to be God must be JUST ONE OF ITS KIND.
      • So, humans can not be God as there are so many humans.
      • Trees can not be Gods as there are millions of trees
    • Test Two: He must be ever-living
      • Anything that dies can not be God
      • So any human who claims he is God can not be God as humans die!
    • Test Three: Must not be produced or produce other beings similar to itself
      • Humans are born from humans, they also give birth to other humans
      • So no human can be Allah
      • Allah has NO Son and NO father
    • Test Four: No attribute of God should be comparable to any other thing
      • All attributes of God are unique
      • A human can not be God because a human has hands, which all other animals also have.
      • Similarly, a plant can not be God because ALL plants have leaves and stems etc.
Hunain Zia

Hunain Zia has previously achieved considerable success in the high-school educational stream, gaining a massive 154 Total A Grades and 7 Major Distinctions, a process in which he broke/ set 11 different world records, including the most A grades ever achieved, most subjects ever appeared in, most distinctions, gaining distinctions across two separate boards (Pearson Edexcel and CAIE) within the same year/ ever, and even 19 hours of constant examination. All records stand intact today. Hunain pursued his Honors Accounting Degree from the prestigious Bentley University, and then completed an LLB (in Honors) from University of London. Currently, he manages multiple social and commercial projects, has founded digital streams and works tirelessly in the education sector.

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