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The Life of the Holy Prophet PBUH in Makkah and Madinah | O Level Islamiyat 2058 & IGCSE Islamiyat 0493 | Detailed Free Notes To Score An A Star (A*)

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1.1 Arabia before Holy Prophet(PBUH)’s birth:

  • The time was known as Age of Ignorance for Arabia
  • Polytheist community
    • Wrapped in the darkness of idol worship
    • Idols in every house and also in Ka’abah
    • Worship of stones and trees
  • Vices like gambling and drinking
  • No regard for slaves, widows and orphans
  • Worst condition of women
    • Treated as trade articles
    • Had no inheritance rights
    • Were bought and sold
    • Extreme form of polygamy with step mothers as inherited legal wives after father’s death
  • No proper law and order
  • The people had traits of being hospitable and heroic

1.2 Birth and early life of Holy Prophet(PBUH):

  • Born in Arabia
  • Mother Amna and father Abdullah
  • Given to Halima Saadia as infant
    • He called her ‘my mother’ and had immense respect
  • Halima Saadia brought him back to Hazrat Aminah at age 6,
  • She took him to Yasrab at his father’s grave,
  • Mother died on return journey and buried at Abwa
  • Umm-e-Aiman brought him back to Makkah
  • Under care of grand father Abdul Muttalib who died when Holy Prophet(PBUH) was 8
  • Finally under the care of uncle Abu Talib
  • Holy Prophet(PBUH) got no formal education
  • Showed early signs of intelligence at age 9
  • Used to stay alone
  • Had a sweet nature
  • Was very helping for widows and orphans
  • Hated polytheism
  • Worked as a shepherd in youth
  • When on a trade journey to Basra with uncle where Bahira, a christian monk recognized signs of prophet hood
  • Bahira stopped then from going far into Syria as Jews could harm him

1.3 Harb-ul-Fijar:

  • When HolyProphet(PBUH) was 15, a war took place between Quraish and Hawazin tribes
  • Fought in the months when fighting was prohibited (origin of the name)
  • Holy Prophet(PBUH) tool passive part in war giving him military experience
    • He collected arrows and gave them to uncles
  • The war showed him the tragic results and bloodshed ultimately making him dislike wars
  • First armed fight he ever witnessed

1.4 Half-al-Fazul:

  • A league formed after the war
  • Main objectives
    • Establish peace
    • Help oppressed
    • Stopping violence
  • 3 main participants were called al-Fazl and collectively the alliance was al-Fazul
  • Name means establishing honour
  • Gathering at the house of Abdullah bin judan by hashimites for the pledge. Holy Prophet(PBUH) took part too
  • The leader was Zubair bin Abdul Muttalib

1.5 Names of Holy Prophet(PBUH) : Al-Sadiq & Al-Amin:

  • After working as a shepherd, Holy Prophet(PBUH) started trade
  • Was extremely honest and fair
  • People named him Al-Sadiq and Al-Amin
  • Everyone left valuables with him y even after prophet hood as he was trustworthy

1.6 Marriage to Hazrat Khadija:

  • Hazrat Khadija was a wealthy widow in Makkah who was very respectable
  • She was daughter of Khuwalid who was the great grandson of Qussai
  • Had 2 sons and a daughter from previous marriage
  • Was twice widowed by the age of 40
  • Was called Tahira- the pious one , due to her character
  • Asked Holy Prophet(PBUH) to do trade for her and sent slave, Maisara with him to Syria
  • they came back with good profits and the slave appreciated Holy Prophet(PBUH)’s fair dealings
  • Hazrat Khadija made a marriage offer to Holy Prophet(PBUH) and Abu Talib accepted it on his nephew’s behalf
  • At the time of marriage,  she was 40 and Holy Prophet(PBUH) was 25
  • It was a successful marriage and they had 4 daughters and 2 sons (sons died in infancy)
  • She was Holy Prophet(PBUH)’s only wife till her death at age 65
  • She was buried in Makkah

1.7 Hajr Al-Aswad , the black stone:

  • The Ka’abah was at the lower part of Faran valley and was flooded constantly
  • The building got damaged and was rebuilt by leading families of Makkah
  • Dispute arose in the fixing of Hajr al-Aswad
  • To prevent bloodshed, it was decided that the first person to enter Makkah next morning would solve the issue
  • Holy Prophet(PBUH) was the first next day (aged 35)
  • He placed the stone on a sheet and asked all leaders to hold its corners and lift it
  • When it reached the level, he took it and placed the stone himself
  • Thus, the situation was solved by his wisdom

1.8 Call to Prophethood:

  • As Holy Prophet(PBUH) grew up, he started to go into a nearby mountain named Hira where he would meditate over condition of people
  • This became more frequent by the time he reached 40
  • One day, towards end of Ramazan, Harzt Jibrael came to him and asked him to read
  • Holy Prophet(PBUH) was startled by the strange voice and said “I cannot read”
  • He flet being hugged so hard he thought suffocation would kill him
  • He was again asked to read and this happened 3 times
  • After third time he asked “what shall I read?” to which the first 5 versed of Surah Alaq were revealed
  • Holy Prophet(PBUH) recited the versed after the angel. This was the first revelation
  • He was shaken by this and ran out where he saw Hazrat Jibrael in the form of a man filling the entire horizon
  • Hazrat Jibrael said “O Muhammad(PBUH), you are the messenger of Allah and I am Jibrael”.
  • Every where there was the same vision for Holy Prophet(PBUH) until the angel disappeared
  • Holy Prophet(PBUH) went home and was comforted by his wife who took him to her cousin Warqa bin Naufal, a scholarly Christian
  • Warqa confirmed that Harzat Jibrael brought revelation to previous messengers too and that Holy Prophet(PBUH) will be exiled from Makkah

1.9 Life in Makkah

  • Migration to Ayssinia

    • To save Muslims from sufferings
    • 5th Year of Prophet Hood
      • 11 men and 4 women
    • Included Hazrat Usman and Prophet PBUH’s daughter
    • Next group of 79 men and 7 women including Hazrat Jafar
    • Najashi respected them
    • Quraysh asked Najashi to send them back
    • After hearing Quran from Hazrat Jafar – Surah Maryam
      • He considered Christianity and Islam to have the same basic thought
    • He returned gifts of Quraysh
    • Did not give the Muslims
    • Muslims were able to escape persecution
    • First major political move of Prophet PBUH
    • United the Muslims
    • Islam spread further
    • These people were given spoils of Khyber conquest because they were considered on Jihad when they arrived in Madinah
    • Muslims learned that outside Makkah they may live in peace
    • Quraysh saw Muslim determination
    • Troubles for Muslims in Makkah increased

  • Boycott of Banu Hashim

    • Fast spread of Islam
    • Quraish worried
    • Banu Hashim did not withdraw protection from Holy Prophet PBUH
    • 7th year of Prophethood
    • All other tribes wrote and agreement to boycott Bani Hashim
      • Except Abu Lahb
    • Banu Hashim was forced in Shib Abi Talib
    • Valley Blocked
    • Only at time of pilgrimage were people allowed to come out
    • Children cried with hunger
    • Adults ate boiled leather and leaves
    • 3 years this continued
      • Then ended by kind hearted unbelievers
    • Caused disunity in unbelievers

  • Am ul Hazn

    • 10 year of prophet hood
    • Hazrat Khadija and Hazrat Abu Talib died
    • Year of grief
    • Loss of protection of Abu Talib meant Quraysh openly tortured the Holy Prophet PBUH
    • Marriage with Hazrat Sawdah and Ayesha in same year

  • Taif Visit

    • Quraish increased persecution after death of Hazrat Abu Talib
    • Saqeef lived in Taif – second largest Arabian tribe
    • Prophet PBUH with Zaid bin Haris
    • They mocked prophet and teenagers threw stones at him and mocked him
    • Zaid tried to protect
      • Was wounded badly in head
    • Prophet PBUH badly wounded – feet filled with blood
    • Seek refuge in orchard outside Taif
      • Although owners were against him
      • They felt bad for him
    • Their christian slave bought grapes for prophet PBUH
    • Prophet PBUH prayed for Taif people to come on righteous path
    • 9 AH
    • All of them became muslims

  • Aqabah

    • 11 Year
      • 6 pilgrims from Khazraj of Yasrib
      • Accepted Islam
    • 12 Year
      • 12 people from Yasrib
      • Accepted Islam at aqabah and agreed to spread it
      • First Pledge
      • Prophet PBUH sent 2 people with them to spread Islam
    • 13 Year
      • 75 people
      • Second Pledge
      • Invited Prophet PBUH to Yasrib – aoong with followers
    • Islam started spreading in Yasirb

  • Migration

    • Aqabah gave the idea
    • People of Yasrib were supportive
    • There were no priests of Ka’abah in Yasrib
    • Aus and Khazraj in Yasrib needed someone to end their problems
    • Jews wanted to meet the person who supported their testaments
    • Death of Abu Talib and constant aggression of Quraysh

    • How it Happened

      • Persecutions increased
      • Only Hazrat Abu Bakr RA, Hazrat Ali RA and Prophet PBUH left to migrate
      • Quraysh decided in Dar ul Nadwa to simultaneously attack and kill prophet
        • 1 person from each tribe
      • Banu Hashim can not take revenge
      • Ali RA slept in Prophet PBUH’s place
      • Prophet PBUH and Hazrat Abu Bakr RA stayed for 3 days and nights at Cave of Saur
      • 1 hundred camels nominated for anyone who can catch the Prophet PBUH
      • Allah made a pigeon nest and web on the cave so the people in search did not enter it. Branches also covered the entrance
      • Abdullah bin Abu Bakr brought news and Asma bint Abu Bakr brought food
      • Made Masjid e Quba on way
      • First Friday address given in quarters of Bani Saleem
      • Prophet PBUH was warmly welcomed in Madinah
      • Decided to stay where camel stopped
      • Land of 2 orphans
      • Bought it – Hazrat Abu Bakr RA paid the price
      • Stayed with Abu Ayub Ansari till mosque built
      • Called Hijrat and marks the start of Islamic Calender

    • Importance

      • It changed the course of Human history
      • Allowed for Islam to spread openly
      • The persecutions of Makkans were over and the focus now was on learning and practicing the principles of Islam
      • It proved that any other thing was less important than Allah to the true Muslims
      • Muakhat between Ansar and Muhajirin
      • Turning point in prophet PBUH’s life
        • Now he was a statesman, politician, teacher and head of state

2.1 Life in Madinah

1st year of Hijrat

  • Mosque of the Prophet

    • Building of the mosque was the first action of the Holy Prophet ( PBUH ) after migration.
    • This mosque became the center for all type of activities for example Political , Military etc.
    • It became a center for learning and also a social institution
      • Muslims learnt and practised discipline, brotherhood and unity.
    • The land for the mosque was bought from two orphans and was known as ‘Masjid -e- Nabawi’ or the ‘Mosque of the Prophet’
    • The mosque had one corner reserved  known as ‘Suffah’  it became a training center for Islamic education and also a place where poor people could reside and have shelter.
    • The roof and wall of the mosque was made up of unbaked bricks and mud.

  • Azan ( Call for prayer )

    • Azaan was introduced as suggested by Hazrat Umer
      • Call to the Muslims
        • Come to the mosque and offer their prayers.
    • Hazarat Bilal is regarded as the first Muezzin ( The person who gives Azan ) of Islam.

  • Arrangement for the inhabitants of MadinahSettlement of Muhajrin

    • Muhajrin  were the people who had migrated to Madinah from makkah. The word Muhajrin means emigrants.
    • Ansar were the people of Madinah who had helped the Muhajrin to settle. The word Ansar means helpers.
    • The emigrants were poor as they had left all their belongings in Madinah.
    • Holy Prophet ( PBUH ) created a brotherhood between the Muhajrin and the ansar. One Ansar was made brother of  a Muhajrin. As the Muhajrin were in need of help , the ansar were willingly accepted the offer of the formation of a brotherhood.
    • As a result the Ansar treated them with hospitality and shared all their  belongings with them.

  • Treaty with the Jews

    • There were three tribes of the Jews : Banu Qainuqa , Banu Nazir , Banu Quraiza
    • Foundation of the Islamic empire weak if a treaty of cooperation would not be signed with all the people living in Madinah
      • Threat from the Quraish
      • Holy Prophet ( PBUH ) invited the Jewish tribes for consultation .
    • A treaty was signed between the Muslims and the Jews
      • gave freedom to the Jews regarding their faith.
      • Muslims would not interfere with the faith of the Jews
      • Would have full liberty to follow their own faith
      • Muslims and the Jews allies
        • Neither party would commit aggression
        • In case of attack on Madinah
          • both the Muslims and the Jews would defend it.
    • This treaty developed cordial relationship between the Muslims and the Jews.
    • This treaty made sure that the Muslims and the Jews lived peacefully as citizens of the same state.
    • This treaty further established Holy Prophet ( PBUH ) as the leader of the state of Madinah.
      • Undisputed leader and a ruler  of Madinah.

  • Hypocrites

    • Hypocrites or the Munafiqin were the people who had accepted Islam but were not happy with the success of the Prophet ( PBUH )
    • Followed all its rituals such as keeping a fast , offering prayer
      • Deep in their hearts
      • Hatred for the Prophet ( PBUH ) and his companions
      • Spared no chance to harm them.
    • The leaders of the Hypocrites was ‘Abdullah bin Ubbay ‘.
      • Before migration he was to be crowned as the King of Madinah
        • He was deprived of this position.
    • Continued to have a bad influence on the haters of Islam.
    • He took away 300 supporters and almost broke the strenght of the Muslims .
    • After the battle of Trench he remained in contact with the Jewsish tribes after they were exiled from Madinah.
      • Them about every movement of the Muslims.
    • Abdullah bin Ubbay also built a mosque outside Madinah where he used to pot against the Prophet ( PBUH )
      • A verse was revealed informing the Prophet about the mosque this mosque
      • Masjid-e- Zarrar.
    • Soon after the Tabuk expedition Adullah bin ubbay died
      • Many of his supporters accepted the faith.

2.2 2nd year of Hijrat

  • Fasting

    • Fasting in the month of Ramadan was made compulsory for all the Muslims
      • “O you who believe ! Fasting has been prescribed on you as it was prescribed to those before you so that you may leanr self – restraint “

  • Zakat

    • Zakat was also made compulsory for all the Muslims who could afford ( were rich ) in the following words ” And spend of your substance in the cause of Allah, do good for Allah loveth those who do good “

  • Change of Qiblah

    • At first the Qiblah was the Mosque of Al- Aqsa in Jerusalam  in Madinah
    • Holy Prophet ( PBUH ) was offering his Asr prayer
      • Ordered to face in the direction of the Ka’abah
      • In the following words ” We see the turning of your face ( for guidance ) to the heavens , now shall we turn you to a Qiblah, that shall please you . Turn then your face in the direction of the sacred mosque. “

  • Battle of Badr

    • People of Makkah saw rise of Muslims in madinah as a threat to them
    • Jews were a major issue for muslims too who were breaking treaties
    • Munafiqin were an issue
      • Hypocrites
    • People of Makkah asked people of Madinah to either give them Prophet PBUH or kill him
    • Abu Sufyan asked for an army to escort him
    • Jihad was allowed in Safar 2 AH
    • Army went to attack Madinah
    • Both the armies met at Badr
      • Quraysh took all the important places at Badr
    • 313 Muslims
    • 2 horses and few camels
    • 1000 Quraish
    • Muslims won
    • Major Quraysh leaders killed
      • 70 in total
    • 70 prisoners taken
      • Abbas – uncle of Prophet PBUH
      • Aqeel- Brother of Hazrat Ali
      • Abul Aas – Son in Law of Prophet PBUH
    • Quran mentions the victory at Badr
    • Captives were treated mercifully
    • Day of Testing
    • Decisive Muslim victory
    • Prophet PBUH’s position became stronger
    • Quraysh lost all their main leaders
    • Many new converts
    • Allah sent angels to help Muslims in Badr

  • Banu Qainuqa

    • Broke their agreement
    • Exiled from Madinah

2.3 3 AH

  • Uhad

    • Ka’ab bin Ashraf from Banu Nazir
    • Mourned the death of leaders of Makkah
    • Pledged support against Muslims
    • 3000 men left Makkah for Madinah
    • Prophet PBUH wanted to fight from inside the city
    • Companions suggested the opposite
    • 3 Miles north of Madinah at Uhad
    • Abdullah bin Ubbay deserted with 300 men
    • 50 archers posted to defend the mountain so there is no attack from Behind
    • Quraysh women accompanied too
    • Quraysh started to flee – archers left to take spoils
    • Khalid Bin Walid attacked from behind
    • Prophet PBUH lost 1teeth and received wounds
    • Was defended by a small force
    • 70 Muslims killed and 40 injured
    • Quraysh lost 30 people
    • Hinda chewed liver of Hazrat Hamza to avenge death of her father
    • Muslims learnt a lesson for disobeying and also that they have to defend Islam even if prophet PBUH passed away
      • There were rumour during battle that prophet PBUH has been killed
    • The desertion of Abdullah bin Ubbay and his men weakened the army
    • Muslims learnt that they did not fight for booty but for the noble goal of protectin Islam
    • Muslims lost hope when they were counter attacked – they learnt that they are not bound to win just because they are Muslims
    • They still succeeded in saving Madinah from being taken over
    • Prophet PBUH proved his superior military tactics
    • 60 verses in Surah Al-Imran focuses on uhad

2.4 4th year

  • Banu Nazir

    • Tried to murder the Prophet PBUH
    • Tried to rise against Muslims
    • Prophet PBUH told them to leave Madinah
    • They refused for were besieged for 2 weeks
    • They surrendered and were exiled

2.5 5th year

  • Battle of Trench

    • Banu Nazir
    • Quraysh
    • Ghatafan tribe along with some others
    • 10000 army of unbelievers
    • Hazrat Salman Farsi suggested the idea of digging trench
    • 3000 Muslims worked on it
    • Banu Quraiza also joined unbelievers
    • Also called Battle of Allies – Battle of Ahzab
    • Hypocrites also withdrew support
    • 1 month long siege
    • Strong storm destroyed the tents of unbelievers one night and they had to leave
    • Islam became even stronger
    • The battle completely broke strength of the unbelievers

  • Banu Quraiza

    • Saad bin Muaz led the siege against them
    • Lasted about 1 month
    • They surrendered
    • Jewish law of old testament applied
      • Men were killed
      • Women and Children taken captives
    • Quran mentions this too.

2.6 6 AH

  • Treaty of Hudaibiya

    • Prophet PBUH dreamed of entering Makkah
    • Decided to go for Umrah
    • 1400 unarmed companions
    • Were not allowed entry – stayed at Hudaibiya – 3 miles from Makkah
    • 1 Messenger sent to convey that only Umrah was intended
      • Messenger detained
    • Another one sent
      • He also detained
    • Hazrat Usman sent
      • Rumours spread that he was killed
    • Oath taken by Prophet PBUH for battle near Rizwan oasis called Bait e Rizwan
    • Quriaysh became afraid
    • Treaty with Muslims
      • Not allowed entry this year
      • Next year can enter Makkah for 3 days and perform Umrah
      • If a member of Quraysh fled to Madinah he will be returned but if a Muslim went to Makkah- not returned
      • No fighting with each other or allies of each other for 10 years.
    • Many muslims were not happy
      • Even hazrat Umar
    • Allah told Prophet PBUH to accept it and called it a manifest victory
    • The treaty allowed more contact between Makkans and people of Madinah, so more converts
    • Fighting ceased so focus could be diverted elsewhere
    • Hazrat Khalid bin Walid and Amr bin Aas Ra accepted Islam
    • New muslims who were not allowed according to the treaty to enter Madinah established their camp and looted the Quraysh.
      • Later migrated to Mahinah when treaty over.

2.7 7 AH

  • Message of Islam to other rulers

    • Preparations made in 6 AH
    • Messengers sent in 7 AH
    • Herclius – Roman Emperor
      • Asked abu Sufyan about Prophet PBUH. Upon hearing the praises, he sent a polite reply. Said that Prophet PBUH had all the qualities of a prophet.
    • Chosroes – Persia
      • Tore letter and insulted the messenger
      • Prophesized that his kingdom would also break and same happened
    • Negus – Abyssinia
      • Became Muslim and sent presents for Prophet PBUH
    • Cyrus – Egypt
      • Respected the messenger and sent presents – including horse named Duldul and Hazrat Maria Qibtia. Did not become muslim
    • Bahrain and Oman Rulers
      • Became Muslim

  • Khyber

    • Jewish exiled tribes of Madinah settled in Khyber
    • Ghatafan tribe and hypocrites supported them
    • Saw Hudaibiya as sign of Muslim weakness
    • 1600 Muslims advanced towards Khyber
    • Jews shut themselves in their 7 forts
    • 20000 army
    • Qamus was the strongest fort
    • All forts captured with ease, but on Qamus fighting delayed for 20 days.
    • Hazrat Ali RA to lead days command
      • Muslims captured the fort
    • Upon their request, they were guaranteed peace.

  • Reasons for issues with jews

    • The growing importance of Prophet PBUH in Madinah
    • Their learned Rabbis embraced Islam
    • Jews charged interest and were money lenders
      • Islam was against it
    • Aus and Khazraj rivalry that Jews used to their advantage ended with Islam
    • Change of Qiblah
      • Jews began to plot against Muslims
    • Expelled from Madinah

  • Umrah

    • Performed Umrah as per Treaty

2.8 8 AH

  • Battle of Mutah

    • Messenger to Roam emperor killed at Mutah in Syria
    • Army sent
    • 3 leaders martyred
    • Hazrat Khalid Bin Walid RA took command
    • Defeated enemy and won the battle

  • Conquest of Makkah

    • Khuza joined Muslims after Hudaiiya
    • Banu Bakr joined Quraysh
    • Banu Bakr attacked Khuza and violated the terms of Hudaibiya
    • Quraysh were asked to either pay compensation or end alliance with Banu Bakr – or end treaty of Hudaibiya
    • Quraysh ended Hudaibiya
    • Prophet PBUH left Madinah on 10 Ramzan 8 AH
    • Army of 10 thousand
    • Divided in 4 squadrons
    • Not to attack till attacked – only defend themselves
    • Quraysh were bewitched by such an army
    • Banu Bakr attacked Khalid Bin Walid RA squadron, 28 men killed
    • General pardon announced for everyone except 16 or 17 people who were the bitterest enemies of Islam
    • No one to be killed or injured
    • Anyone who surrendered would be safe
    • House of Abu Sufyan declared Dar Al Aman
    • All promises kept
    • After Tawaf – 360 idols ordered to be destroyed
    • General pardon for all Quraysh
    • Only 4 people out of the original list of 16 or 17 were actually killed from the bitterest enemies.
    • The Zuhr azan was given by Hazrat Bilal from the roof of the Ka’abah
    • Many people came to Prophet PBUH at Safa hill to embrace Islam
    • 15 days stay in Makkah
    • Many other tribes also accepted Islam
    • A governor appointed for Makkah

  • Battle of Hunain

    • Hawazin and Saqeed tribes were preparing to attack Muslims
    • 12000 army – 10000 people of Madinah and 2000 new converts to Islam
    • Secret attack by enemy archers in the valley of Hunain
    • Muslims first retreated but then gathered back.
    • Mentioned by name in Quran
    • 6000 prisoners of war taken and 24000 camels and 40000 goats taken

  • Siege of Taif

    • 20 days siege but then ended
    • 9 AH all of Taif became Muslims

2.9 9 AH

  • Tabuk Expedition

    • 9 AH
    • Roman emperor commanding army against Muslims – on Syrian border
    • Famine and water scarcity in Madinah
    • Very hot
    • Expedition of Straitness
    • Call for donations
      • Hazrat Abu Bakr RA donated  everything he had
      • Hazrat Umar RA donated half of everything he had
      • Hazrat Usman RA donated 1000 gold dinars and 300 camels
      • Muslim ladies also contributed
    • 30000 army
    • Difficult journey
    • Romans dispersed without fight
    • Prophet PBUH stayed there for 20 days
    • Many new converts
    • 3 people who did not went with army of Prophet PBUH were excused.
    • Last expedition in which Prophet PBUH took part

3.0 10 AH

  • Am – Al Wafd

    • Year of deputations, many deputations sent
    • Many tribes joined Islam

  • Farewell Pilgrimage

    • Hajjat ul Wida
    • Left Madinah on 25 Ziqad 10 AH
    • 114000 muslims with him
    • 4th ZilHajj reached Makkah
    • Gave sermon on Jabal e Rahmat in Arafat
      • Universal charter of Human Rights
      • Accountability on Day of Judgement
      • Right of wives
      • Right of slaves made almost similar to master
      • Basic commandments of Islam
      • Brotherhood
    • Last verse revealed of the perfection of religion (5:3)

3.1 11 AH

  • Illness and Death

    • Illness in Safar
    • 5th day of illness went to apartment of Hazrat Ayesha
    • 13 days total illness
    • Passed away ion 12 Rabi ul Awwal
    • 63 years old
    • Buried at the place of passing away.

1.1 The Prophet PBUH’s life is a model of excellence for Muslims

  • Only person whose entire life record is available
  • Perfect life with no errors
  • His teachings are applicable is all spheres of life
  • He did many works too
    • Herdsman in childhood
    • Trader
  • He also lived a full fledged family life with wives and children
  • He serves as the head of the state, as the chief judge.
  • He was sincere, simple, truthful and honest
  • He used to work with his companions such as on the Mosque and during the battles such as the digging of the trench in the battle of trench
  • He used to do household chores.
  • Noblest qualities
  • The Quran asks us to follow him and obey him.
  • His sayings are preserved as ahadith
  • Hazrat Ayesha RA said that the Quran was the character of the Holy Prophet PBUH
  • Perfect example for mankind to follow

1.2 Honesty and Truthfulness

  • The Holy Prophet PBUH was called Al-Sadiq and Al-Amin even because he was extremely truthful and honest from the earliest age.
  • Hazrat Khadija RA married him for these qualities
  • He was the one nominated to solve the dispute of the Ka’abah regarding Hajar Al Aswad fixing.
  • After the first revelation, Hazrat Khadija trusted him because she knew he was truthful.
  • The Quraish never called him a liar even after starting preaching Islam.Abu Sufyan even testified about his honesty to the Roman King.

1.3 Humbleness

  • Never boasted and lived humbly
  • Visited the sick and helped the poor
  • Even sat with poor in a way that no one could tell the difference.
  • He even told his companions to never praise him like Christians praised Hazrat Isa. Instead to consider him a servant of Allah.
  • He preached humility too.
  • He even did household work too

1.4 Forgiveness

  • No revenge ever
  • Forgave Quraish at time of Conquest of Makkah
  • Even forgave Hindah and Wahshi despite them mutilating Hazrat Hamza’s RA body.
  • He forgave the people of Taif
  • Even forgave Abdullah bin Ubbay and prayed for him after his death

1.5 Fulfillment of Promises

  • People left valuables with him even enemies
  • Roman emperor was assured of his promise fulfillment by Abu Sufyan
  • Even fulfilled the treaty of Hudaibiya by returning Abu Jandal
  • Did not include the 2 Muslims who were released on condition of not fighting in Badr.

1.6 His behavior with companions

  • Was extremely kind with his companions.
  • Would be a part of their sorrows and happiness
  • Never discriminated between them

1.7 Behavior towards strangers

  • Muslims should protect strangers in every way
  • Half ul Fazul taken by him too for protecting strangers

1.8 Behavior towards Children

  • Loved them
  • Shortened prayer if a baby’s cry was heard
  • Loved all children even if of unbeliever as happened when a few children were killed in battle
  • First fruit of season was given to youngest person in the audience
  • Kissed children
  • He asked Ansar children girls when entering Madinah if they loved him and told them that he loved them too.

1.9 Behavior towards women

  • Very kind
  • Separate time to problem of women, a separate day
  • Never hot tempered with them
  • Girls were singing on Eid, so he stopped Hazrat Abu Bakr RA from stopping them.
  • Women boldly asked questions to the prophet PBUH.

2.0 Behavior towards Poor and Orphan

  • Extremely kind to them
  • Sat with poor in the mosque
  • Told that the poor will enter paradise before the rich
  • Told his companions to love the poor too
  • Prayed to Allah to keep him as a poor and even enter resurrect as a poor
  • Told Hazrat Ayesha RA to never turn away a poor empty handed if the only thing that can be given is half a date.
  • Once Hazrat Abu Bakr RA was talking harshly with Salman and Bilal who were poor. Prophet PBUH reminded him that he had hurt their feelings and so Hazrat ABu Bakr RA apologized.
  • Called out Azan from Bilal RA to gather help for a poor
  • Zakat should be spent on poor
  • Told that a house in which orphans are well treated is the best Muslim house and opposite for those who mistreat orphans
  • Told his companion that hard heart can be made tender by patting orphan’s head and feeding the poor.

2.1 Treatment of Slaves

  • Very kind
  • Had made Zaid his adopted son who chose not to return with his real father
  • Abu Masud was scolded on beating his slave
  • Someone who mistreats his slaves shall not enter paradise.

2.2 Treatment of enemies and non Muslims

  • Treated them with compassion
  • Hosted them at his house
  • When they were a guest, he never got angry with them
  • Prayed for them even if they abused him like Abu Hurairah Ra’s mother
  • Prayed for Abdullah bin ubbay after his death and always remained kind with hi,
  • A Muslim slapped a jew, Prophet PBUH scolded that Muslim for doing so
  • Stood up in respect for a Jewish funeral
  • Some unbelievers tried to kill Muslims in prayer. Prophet PBUH forgave them and freed them
  • Forgave the people of Makkah at time of Conquest of Makkah

2.3 Treatment of Animals

  • Very kind to animals
  • Stopped people from putting ring around camel’s neck
  • Stopped for equipment to be on animals too long without rest.
  • Cutting flesh from live animals also forbidden
  • Told people to brand animals on parts that were not tender
  • Himself branded sheep on their ears
  • At time of slaughtering, use sharpest weapons for minimal pain
  • Do not sharpen weapon in front of animals
  • Told people to fear Allah in treatment of speechless animals.

2.4 Treatment of Other States

  • Muslim foreign policy should be focused on maintaining peace
  • Other’s rights, life and property must be honored until they encroach Muslim rights
  • Prophet PBUH’s administration was a role model
  • Agreements must be honored like Hudaibiya was honored by Prophet PBUH
  • Honesty must be kept in dealings
  • Humanity should be maintained even during war
  • Unnecessary bloodshed should be avoided.
  • Envoys must be respected
  • Tribes outside Madinah who had accepted Islam were treated as equals too.
  • Property of unbelievers in the Muslim state must not be confiscated or even in lands won
  • Justice and equality in dealings to make good relations with other states.

2.5 The Holy Prophet PBUH As The Seal of Prophets

  • Khatam Un Nabiyyin
    • The seal of Prophets
    • The last prophet to ever come on Earth
  • Muslims believes that Holy Prophet PBUH is the LAST messenger and Prophet of Allah
    • There will not be any Nabi or Rasool after him
  • Surah Ahzab – Ayat 40
    • Muhammad (SAW) ___ is the Messenger of Allah and the seal of the Prophets.
  • The long line of Prophets ended with the Holy Prophet PBUH
    • Each previous Prophet mentioned the coming of the Holy Prophet PBUH
    • Hazrat Isa AS predicted the coming of Holy Prophet PBUH
  • Except for Allah
    • Every beginning has an end
  • The Holy Prophet PBUH is universal prophet
    • His teachings are for all times to come.
    • Comprehensive guide for all times for mankind
  • He is like the sun while other prophets are like lamps
    • According to Quran
  • The personality of Prophet PBUH is also guidance for all times to come
  • Religion was perfected in the plains of Arafat by Allah
    • This day have I perfected your religion for you, completed my favor upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion
      • No more Prophet needed as religion is perfect
  • Prophet PBUH clearly mentioned that there would be no prophet after him
Hunain Zia

Hunain Zia has previously achieved considerable success in the high-school educational stream, gaining a massive 154 Total A Grades and 7 Major Distinctions, a process in which he broke/ set 11 different world records, including the most A grades ever achieved, most subjects ever appeared in, most distinctions, gaining distinctions across two separate boards (Pearson Edexcel and CAIE) within the same year/ ever, and even 19 hours of constant examination. All records stand intact today. Hunain pursued his Honors Accounting Degree from the prestigious Bentley University, and then completed an LLB (in Honors) from University of London. Currently, he manages multiple social and commercial projects, has founded digital streams and works tirelessly in the education sector.

Educate A Change focuses on truly bringing change in the educational sector worldwide. All our courses are designed to ensure success, and provide complete preparation without requiring any other external material. Therefore, it takes away the expense of academies, books, past paper compilations and other miscellaneous items. Instead, by just the courses we offer, the student can prepare fully for the best grades in their CAIEs, Edexcel and other high-school exams. The earnings from our course-sales are invested in social projects and growing the free educational activities of Educate A Change.