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Geometrical Terms | O Level Mathematics 4024 & IGCSE Mathematics 0580 | Detailed Free Notes To Score An A Star (A*)

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  • Point
    • One single point that has no sides
  • Line
    • A line is never-ending, it goes on indefinitely.
    • Therefore, it has no end.
    • It usually has two arrows on its sides
  • Line-segment
    • A line-segment is one that has a definite end.
  • Parallel Lines
    • Lines that will never intersect with each other no matter how much we extend them.
    • They have the same gradient.
    • So gradient of line 1 is the same as gradient of line 2
  • Perpendicular lines
    • Lines that make an angle of 90 degree or right angle with each other.
    • Perpendicular lines follow the following formula for gradient.
      • Gradient of line 1 x gradient of line 2 = -1
  • Bearing
    • It means that the clockwise movement we have to complete to reach from one point to another.
    • We tell the angle for this purpose.
    • The bearing angle is always in 3 figures. So an angle of 55 degree will be written as 055.
  • Right Angle
    • An angle of 90 degrees
  • Acute angle
    • An angle of less than 90 degree
  • Obtuse angle
    • An angle of more than 90 degree
  • Reflex angle
    • Angle greater than 180 degree but less than 360 degree
  • Full circle
    • 360 degree angle
  • Straight line
    • 180 degree angle
  • Interior angle
    • Angles inside a shape
  • Exterior angle
    • Angle outside a shape
  • Congruence
    • It means exactly the same
  • Similarity
    • It means angle is the same but lengths can be different
  • Triangle
    • Total angle is 180 degree.
    • It has been covered in polygons chapters
  • Pentagon
    • 5 sides
  • Hexagon
    • 6 sideds
  • Heptagon
    • 7 sides
  • Octagon
    • 8 sides
  • Nanagon
    • 9 sides
  • Decagon
    • 10 sides
  • 3d and 2d shapes have been covered in mensuration chapter.
  • Edge
    • Straight line on a polygon is called the edge that makes up faces of a 3d shape
  • Vertices
    • These are the corners where three edges meet together on a 3d shape
  • Net
    • How a 3d shape would look like if we completely open it up and lay it out flat.
    • Semi Circle to cone conversion
      • radius of semi-circle becomes slant height of cone
      • circumference of semi-circle becomes the circumference of the base of the cone.
Hunain Zia

Hunain Zia has previously achieved considerable success in the high-school educational stream, gaining a massive 154 Total A Grades and 7 Major Distinctions, a process in which he broke/ set 11 different world records, including the most A grades ever achieved, most subjects ever appeared in, most distinctions, gaining distinctions across two separate boards (Pearson Edexcel and CAIE) within the same year/ ever, and even 19 hours of constant examination. All records stand intact today. Hunain pursued his Honors Accounting Degree from the prestigious Bentley University, and then completed an LLB (in Honors) from University of London. Currently, he manages multiple social and commercial projects, has founded digital streams and works tirelessly in the education sector.

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