The First Islamic Community | O Level Islamiyat 2058 & IGCSE Islamiyat 0493 | Detailed Free Notes To Score An A Star (A*)

1.1 Wives

• Called Ummahat Ul Mominin
• Mothers of the faithful
• States even in the Quran

1.2 Hazrat Khadija

• Called Tahira – meaning the pure
• Was married twice before and had children from previous marriages
• Ran her father’s inherited business
  • Was rich and stable
• She was also called Umm-e-Hind
• She needed an honest person to help in her trade activities
• People suggested Hazrat Muhammad PBUH
  • Maisra – her slave – praised the Prophet’s trade activates and character
• She herself proposed to the prophet PBUH
• She was 40 years old at time of marriage while Holy Prophet PBUH was only 25
  • The idea of marrying females bigger than your age is not prohibited in Islam
• Happy marriage
  • 2 sons and 4 daughters
  • Sons died while still young
• She died in the Year of Grief – 11 Ramzan 10 Year of prophet hood
• She was the first covert to Islam and the second Muslim after the Holy Prophet PBUH
• She was totally committed to Islam’s cause and bore all hardships – even made her funds available for Islam
• The Holy Prophet PBUH loved her even after her death
  • Hazrat Ayesha RA got jealous
• Hala – her sister sounded like her
  • Prophet PBUIH used to recognize the voice even long after her death
• The Prophet PBUH held her in high regard
• She is considered the nolblest women in the world along with Hazrat Maryam – mother of Hazrat Isa AS

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1.2 Hazrat Sawdah

• After Hazrat Khadija RA – prophet PBUH married the widow Hazrat Sawdah
• Companions suggester her name
• She was one of the migrants to Abyssinia
  • Was the only Muslim in her family
  • Needed protection after Husband’s death
• Extremely devoted to the Prophet PBUIH
• She even loved Hazrat Ayesha RA
• Her place of stay and Hazrat Ayesha’s place of stay were the first in the Mosque of the Prophet PBUH
• She was extremely pious and simple
• She did not even left house for Hajj or Umrah after Prophet PBUH’s death as that is what the Prophet PBUH instructed
• She used to get up with the Prophet PBUH for prayers
• Died in 22 AH
  • Buried in Jannatul Baqi

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1.3 Hazrat Ayesha

• 10 years old at time of marriage
• Marriage solemnized on attaining maturity in Madinah
• Daughter of Hazrat Abu Bakr RA
• Also called Hmaira and Um-E-Abdullah
• She was 25 years old when prophet PBUH passed away
• Stayed widowed for 48 next years
• Hazrat Umar RA gave her much respect
  • She was given more allowance than the other wives
• Died on 17 Ramazan 58 Hijri
• Burried in Jannat al Baqi
• She was a leading jurist of Islam
  • Even companions of the Prophet PBUH used to consult her
• Extremely Knowledgeable
• Excellent memory
  • Narrated many hadith
• She stayed a lot with Prophet PBUH so had deep knowledge of religious issues
• In matters of Fiqh, her example was followed by Imam Abu Hanifa and Bukhari
  • The idea of not accepting any Hadis that negates a principle in the Quran
• 2210 hadis approximately narrated by her
• It was her apartment where Prophet PBUH was buried

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1.4 Hazrat Hafsa

• Daughter of Hazrat Umar RA
• Born 5 years before prophethood
• Embraced Islam with her parent
• Migrated to Abbyssinia
• Husband died in Badr
• After Iddat – Prophet PBUH expressed desire to marry her
• Property distributed to poor after death
• Buried in Jannat Al Baqi
• Extremely Knowledgeable
• Read and Wrote
• Become a teacher
• Mashaf al Hafsa – original copy of the Holy Quran

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1.5 Hazrat Zainab Bint Khuzaimah

• Married to Abdullah bin Jahsh
  • Died in Uhad
• Married in Ramzan 3 Hijri to Prophet PBUH
• Died soon a few months after marriage
  • Buried Jannat Al Baqi
• The prophet PBUH offered her funeral prayers himself
  • As per order of Quran
• She died at age 30
• Kind person
• Always helped poor – never returned anyone empty handed
• Called Umm-ul-Masakin

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1.6 Hazrat Umm e Salamah

• From Makhdoon tribe
• Real name war Hind
• Father was a noble of Makkah and had fought battles of Badr and Uhad against Muslims
• Her son name Salamah
• One of the earliest Muslims
• Migrated to Abbyssinia
• First women Muslim to migrate to Madinah
• Husband died after Uhad
• Married prophet PBUH in 4 AH
• The last wife of Prophet to die
  • 63 AH
• Age 84
• Buried in Jannat Al Baqi
• Narrator of large number of traditions
• Modest person
• Extremely devoted to Prophet PBUH
• Identical recitation style to Prophet PBUH

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1.7 Hazrat Zainab Bint Jahsh

• First cousin of Prophet PBUIH
• Early convert
• Name before Islam – Barra
• Married to Zaid Bin haris in 3 AH
  • Was uncomfortable because Zaid was freed slave
  • Prophet PBUH considered him pious and thus suitable
  • Was also the adopted son f the Prophet PBUH
• Divorced within  a year
• Prophet PBUH proposed her
• She wanted Allah’s consultation
  • Quranic ayat revealed
• Marriage formalities completed by Quran
• Died 20 AH – 53 years old
• Her house was used to extend the Prophet PBUH mosque after her death
• Buried in Jannat Al Baqi
• She was considered most religious and pious women by Holy Prophet PBUH – according to Hazrat Ayesha
• Worked to earn living
• Poor people felt their support had ended when she died
• Prophet PBUH predicted her to be the first one to die after him
  • Her told the most generous would die first

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1.8 Hazrat Jawairiyah Bint Haris

• Original named Bara
• Father was chief of Banu Mustaliq
• Attacked Muslims in 5 AH
• Became prisoner of war to Sabit bin Qais
• Prophet PBUH paid her ransom and married her
• All prisoners of her tribe were freed by Muslims
• Named Jawairiyah
• Died at age 65
• Buried in Jannat Al Baqi
• Prophet PBUH said he always found her busy in prayers
• Fasted too
• Quoted many traditions

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1.9 Hazrat Um e-Habibah

• Real name Ramlah
• Daughter of Abu Sufyuan
• Migrated to Abyssinia
• Daughter name Habibah
• Husband left Islam
  • She left him
• People of Madinah requested the Holy Prophet PBUH to marry her
• Married to prophet PBUH in 6 or 7 AH
• Died age 73 in 44 Hijri
• Followed Islam as told by Prophet PBUH
• Narrator of 65 Hadith
• She tried to help Hazrat Usman when besieged
  • Rebels stopped her

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2.0 Hazrat Safiyah

• Real name Zainab
• Belonged to Banu Nazir
• Went to Khyber when expelled from Madinah with her tribe
• Prophet PBUH ordered her to be seated before him and threw his mantle over her
• Given name – Safiyah after marriage
• Married on way back to Madinah
• Died at age 60 and buried in Jannat al Baqi
• She also tried to help Hazrat Usman when besieged
• Upon not being able to do so – she sent Hazrat Imam Hussain to take food and water to Hazrat Usman RA
• She was of great wisdom

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2.1 Maimunah Bint Haris

• Real name Barra
• Sister in Law of Hazrat Abbas
• Hazrat Abbas requested Prophet PBUH to marry her after she was divorced and then widowed
• She was given name Maimunah after marriage
  • Means the blessed one
  • Married when muslims entered Makkah after 10 years
• Hazrat Ayesha called her God fearing
• She was pious and humble
• The Prophet PBUH called her the Symbol of Goodness
• 46 traditions quoted
• Died in 51 AH
  • Same place where married Prophet PBUH
• Buried in Jannat Al baqi

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2.2 Hazrat Rehana Bint Sham’oon

• Belonged to Banu Qurayza
• 6 AH – became prisoner of war
• Prophet PBUH freed her
• Proposed to marry if she converted to Islam – did so
• Died 10 years after Prophet’s PBUH death

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2.3 Hazrat Maria Qibtia

• Prophet PBUH sent letter to chief of Egypt
• Did not accept Islam but sent presents
• Including Hazrat Maria Qibtia
• She became Muslim before reaching Madinah
• Prophet PBUH married her
• She gave birth to Prophet PBUH’s son Ibrahim RA
• Pious
• Was from respectable family
• Buried in Jannat Al Baqi
• Respected by first 2 Khalifas
• Annual pension given to her after Prophet PBUH’s death

2.4 Descendants and Imams

• Holy Prophet PBUH had children from Hazrat Khadija and Hazrat Maria Qibtia

• Hazrat Khadija

  • Qasim

    • Born eleven years before prophet hood
    • Holy prophet PBUH called Abul Qasim
    • Died at the age of 2

  • Tahir

    • Also called Abdullah
    • Born after Prophet PBUH became Prophet
    • Died  within 2 years

  • Zainab

    • Married to Abul Aas
    • Became Muslim
    • Was left in Makkah at time of pilgrimage
    • Her husband was non Muslim
    • Captured in Badr
    • Zainab gave necklace of her mother as ransom
    • Necklace returned and husband left on condition to send her to Madinah
    • 3 years later husband came to Madinah and became Muslim
    • Zainab died in 8 AH due to wound received during migration
    • Prophet PBUH offered funereal prayer
    • Had a son named Ali and daughter Umama
      • Umama became second wife of Hazrat Ali after death of Hazrat Fatima

  • Ruqayya

    • Married to Utba
    • Got divorced when Abu Lahab forced his son to
    • Married to Hazrat Usman
    • Migrated to Abassynia
    • Migrated to Madinah
    • Died in 2 AH

  • Umm-e-Kulsum

    • Married to Utaiba
    • Son of Abu Lahb
    • She also got divorced
    • Migrated to madinah with hazrat Sawdah
    • After death of Ruqayya – married to Hazrat Usman
    • 9 AH death – During Tabuk expedition

  • Fatima

    • Youngest Daughter
    • 5 years before prophethood
    • 2 AH – married to Ali
    • Ali did not take a second wife in her life
    • Faced extreme poverty
    • Prophet PBUH told her that she will be the first from family to join him in paradise
    • She died in 11 AH
    • Six months after Prophet PBUH’s death
    • Called Zahra – shining one
    • Prophet PBUH stood up in her regard
    • Mother of Hassan, Hussain, Zainab and Um-e-kulsum
    • Considered dearest to Prophet PBUH
    • She used to clean her father’s clothes when Abu Lahab threw sheep’s entrails on him
    • She tended Prophet PBUH’s wounds after Uhad
    • Very Important to Shias

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2.5 Maria Qibtia

• Hazrat Ibrahim
• Died in infancy
• Solar eclipse – people connected it to his death
• Prophet PBUH denied this

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2.6 Descendents

Hazrat Imam Hassan

• First son of Hazrat Ali and Fatima
• Born in Madinah on 1 Ramzan
• Named Hassan
• Prophet PBUH loved him a lot
• He was 8 yeas old when the Holy Prophet PBUH passed away
• He protected Hazrat Usman when he was besieged in his house
• He took part in the battles in the Khilafat of Hazrat Ali
• Became Imram on 21 Ramzan  after death of Hazrat Ali
  • 40000 people accepted him as Imam
• People did not support Hassan in war call against Muawiya
• Force of 20000 men gathered with him
• He send an army under the chief of Kindi tribe to Anba
  • Muawiya promised him governorship
  • Chief changed allegiance
• Another man from bani Murad tribe also sent
  • He too won over
• Muawiya informed Hassan that he should not fight
  • Otherwise he will just lose his life and life of his supporters
  • Iraqis deserted after this message
• Peace treaty was signed
• Muawiya became the Khalifa
• One of Imam Hassan’s wife poisoned him to death
  • She was promised huge reward
• Buried in Jannat al Baqi

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2.7 Imam Hussain

• Born -Thursday 3 Shaban 4 AH
• Was given to Umm e Fazal for nursing
• Physically resembled the Holy Prophet PBUH
• Imam Hassan made Hussain the Iman on death bed
• 60 AH – Yazid ascended to Muawiya’s throne
• Nominated by Muawiya during lifetime
• Anti-Islamic method so Hussain refused to pledge allegiance to Yazid
• Imam went to Makkah to avoid bloodshed in Madina
• He went to Kufa after kufians show support to his cousin
• Once imam set out for Kufa, his cousin was killed
• Camped at Karbala – 7 Muharram 61 AH – food water supply cut
• Battle began – all supporters killed 72 supporters were there in total
• Zain ul Abidin made Imam
• Imam Hussain throat/head cut off
• Won ever lasting victory over falsehood
• Principles more important than any other thing
• Sacrificed for Islam

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2.8 Imam Zain ul Abidin

• Real name Ali
• Severe ill in Karbala
• Captive in Damascus
• Returned to Madinah
• Madinah 36 AH
• Mother was daughter of Yazdgard – Persian king
• Delivered knowledge of Islam after Karbala
• Died in 83 AH and buried in Jannat al Baqi
• Very pious
• Would tremble in fear in prayers
• Called Sajjad – one who does lots of prostrations
• His sayings are saved in Sahifah – Sajjadiyah

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2.9 Imam Muhammad Baqir

• Born in Madinah 57 AH
• Son of Imam Zain ul albidin and Fatima – daughter of Imam Hassan
• Saw 4 Omayyad caliphates
• Was 4 years old at time of Karbala
• Was very knowledgeable
• Died in 114 AH

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3.0 Imam Jafar Sadiq

• Son on Imam baqir
• 83 AH birth
• Remained Imam for 34 Years
• Umayyads harassed him
• Abbsids dislocated him and then forced him to live in seclusion and hiding
• Was very knowledgeable
• He was the teacher of almost 4000 scholars of Islam
• Imam Abu Hanifa was his student
• Jabir Ibn Hayyan was his student
• Was pious
• Lose consciousness in remembering Allah

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3.1 Imam Musa Kazim

• Born 128 AH
• Saw three abbasids caliphates
• Lived in hiding
• Arrested from Masjid e Nabawi
• Taken from Madinah to Basra
• Then to Baghdad
• Transferred from prison to prison
• He died in a prison
  • Had been there for 14 years
• Died in 183 AH
• Stayed Imam for 35 years
• Al-Kazim – due to control over anger
• Abd-us-Salih – due to being righteous
• Prayed for long hours
• Died in prostration

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3.2 Imam Ali Raza

• Born 148 AH
• Died 203 AH
• Offered post of Khalifa and then succession my Mamum – Abbasid Khalifa
• Agreed only after the condition accepted of taking no part in administration
• Was knowledgeable and pious
• Took part in all debates
• His debates are recorded in Shia literature
• Finish recitation of Quran in 3 days
• Prayed for long hours

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3.3 Imam Muhammad Taqi

• Son of Ali Raza
• Born in 195 AH
• Was in Madinah when Ali Raza died
• Called to Baghdad and married to daughter of Khalifa Mamum
• Returned to Madinah but called to Baghdad again
• Was able to answer questions on Shariah effectively
• Was generous and helpful
• Carry stuff on horseback and distribute to poor
• Died in 220 AH
• Stayed Imam for 17 years

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3.4 Imam Ali Naqi

• Son of Muhammad Taqi
• Born in Madinah in 214 AH
• Saw seven Abbasid Khalifas
• Was called to Iraq
• Khalifa tried to dishonor him
  • He remained patient
• Was gentle
• He distributed 30000 dirhams that Khalifa gave hi to the poor
• Died in Iraq in 254 AH
• stayed Imam FOR 33 YEARS

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3.5 Imam Hasan Askari

• Born in Madinah in 232 AH
• Lived hidden for 7 years
• He was the supposed father of Muhammad Al Mahdi
• Would pray most part of night
• Died in 260 AH
• Buried by the side of his father

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3.6 Imam Muhammad Mehdi

• 255 AH
• His mother was grand daughter of Roman King – father was Hasan Askari
• Called Muntazir
• Hujja
• Qaim
• Mehdi
• His birth was kept secret
• Only few people allowed to meet him
• He was 5 years old at time of father’s death
• In lesser occultation – he used to communicate through deputies
  • Met only n exceptional circumstances
• Greater occultation began in 329 AH when he stopped communication
• He will be unhidden now when Dajjal comes
• Will establish peace on Earth
• Will rule the world

1.1 Companions of Prophet PBUH

• Ashab
• Anyone who was a Muslim and stayed in company of Prophet PBUH is Sahabi
• Quran says these people are strongly attached to the true faith
• Being a Sahabi gave desert people so much knowledge and learning
• 10 blessed companions are given the tidings of Paradise here on Earth
  • These are called Ashrah Mubasharah
• All of them were from Quraish
• Among the earliest converts

• Hazrat Abu Bakr – Hazrat Umar – Hazrat Usman – Hazrat Ali

  • See paper 2

• Hazrat Talha

  • Grand nephew of Hazrat Abu Bakr
  • One of the earliest converts
  • Faced persecution from Quraish
  • Brave in wars
  • Was not part of Badr
    • Special mission of Prophet PBUH outside madinah
  • In Uhad
    • Shielded the prophet PBUH with his body
  • He became unconscious from the wounds
  • His first question on consciousness was regarding the safety of Prophet PBUH
  • He is called the living martyr – according to a hadith
  • Present at treaty of Hudaibiya
  • Played major role in Battle of Hunain
  • Received title of Fayyaz
  • Member of Islamic council in the time of the first 2 khalifas
  • Was in election committee for Hazrat Usman
  • Swore allegiance to him
  • Killed during Khilafat of Hazrat Ali RA
  • Successful businessman
  • Distributed wealth in poor
  • He is one of the neighbor of Prophet PBUH in Jannat

• Hazrat Zubair RA

  • Son of Hazrat Safiyah
    • Aunt of Prophet PBUH
  • Hazrat Khadija was his aunt
  • He was one of the earliest converts
  • Used to be tortured by fire by his uncle
  • Migrated to Abyssinia
  • Returned to Makkah
  • Ready to face danger for Islam
  • Took part on all battles in life of Prophet PBUH
  • Was rich and generous
  • Title – disciple of the messenger of Allah
  • Hazrat Umar called hi One of the pillars of faith
  • He was the 5th person to accept Islam

• Hazrat Abu Ubaidah Bin Jarrah

  • One of the most distinguished companion
  • Accepted Islam on invitation of Hazrat Abu Bakr
    • Was young when accepted
  • Brave soldier
    • Took part in most battles
  • Killed his father in Badr who was non Muslim
  • In Uhad – he protected the Prophet PBUH
  • Took out metal links from Prophet PBUH’s helmet using teeth
    • Broke 2 teeth
  • Was leader of one squadron in conquest of Makkah
  • Was trustworthy
    • Holy Prophet made him judge of an area
  • Witness of treaty of Hudaibiya
  • He was also nominated along with Hazrat Abu Bakr RA for khilafat
  • He was the second person to pledge allegiance to Hazrat Abu Bakr RA
  • He commanded armies in time of Hazrat Abu Bakr
  • Given title of Amin-ul-Ummat

• Hazrat Saad Bin Abi Waqas

  • Maternal uncle of Prophet PBUH
  • Accepted Islam at age 17
  • First to shed blood for Islam
  • Great warrior
  • Protected the Prophet PBUH in Uhad
    • Prophet PBUH passed him arrows
  • Declared one of the best archers
  • Present at treaty of Hudaibiya
  • Commander in chief of army in Battle of Qadisiya
  • Led operations from his sick bed
  • One of the 6 people to choose next Khalifa
  • Hazrat Usman RA made him Governor of Kufa
  • He was asked to be Khalifa after Hazrat Usman
  • Saad RA refused to pledge allegiance to Hazrat Ali RA
  • He left a large property behind him

• Hazrat Abdur Rahman bin Auf

  • Common ancestor with Prophet PBUH in Kalab
  • 13th person to become Muslim
  • One of the first to migrate to Abyssinia
  • Migrated to Madinah
  • Became rich as a merchant
  • Took part on all important battles
  • 21 wounds in Uhad
  • Very generous
  • Ameer-e-hajj in time of the first 3 Khalifas
  • He was left to select the Khalifa after Hazrat Umar
  • Died in 32 AH

• Hazrat Saeed bin Zaid

  • His father was on true father of Hazrat Ibrahim
  • 28th person to accept Islam
  • Aged less than 20 when became Muslim
  • Was married to Hazrat Umar RA sister
  • Hid from Hazrat Umar who was staunch enemy of Islam at that time
  • One of those who could read and write
  • Was not present in Badr – present in all others
  • He stayed ahead of Prophet PBUH to protect him from enemy
  • Commander of Infantry in invasion of Syria during Hazrat Umar RA reign
  • 14 AH took part in conquering of Damascus
  • Became governor of Damascus
    • Resigned because loved Jahad
  • Died in 50 AH almos

1.2 Scribes

• Compilation has been discussed earlier

• Abdullah Bin Masud

  • Known for his love of Prophet PBUH
  • Called Sahabi bin Sahabiya
    • Brother and mother – earliest converts
  • One of the first converts himself
  • Completely dedicated himself to service of Prophet PBUH
  • Abu Musa Ahsari said that Abdullah bin Masud and his mother were so frequently at Prophet’s house that he thought they are a member of household
  • The first to recite Quran openly in Makkah
  • Migrated to Abbyssinia twice
  • Migrated to Madinah
  • Took part in Badr
    • Killed Abu Jahl
  • Took part in Uhad
  • Hus recitation was called by the Holy Prophet PBUH as same as how Quran was descended
  • Expert in Islamic interpretation
  • Administrator of Kufa public treasury under Hazrat Umar
  • Almost 800 hadith quoted

• Zaib bin Sabit

  • Belonged to Khazraj
  • Accepted Islam before Prophet PBUH’s migration to Madinah
  • Not allowed to participate in Badr because 13 years old
  • Multilingual
  • Memorized the Quran during Prophet PBUH’s life
  • Compiled the Quran under Hazrat Abu Bakr
  • First Ansar to swear allegiance to Hazrat Abu Bakr
  • Took part in Battle of Yamama
  • Qazi of Madinah under Hazrat Umar RA
  • Deputy Khalifa when Hazrat Umar was on Umrah or Hajj
  • Under Hazrat Usman Responsible for public treasury
  • prepared copies of Quran under Hazrat Usman to send to all areas
  • Prophet PBUH said that Zaid was most aware of law of inheritance

• Ameer Muawiyah

  • Son of Abu Sufyan
  • Accepted Islam after Conquest of Makkah
  • Became secretary of Prophet PBUH
  • Governor of Syria under Hazrat Umar
  • Continued office under Hazrat Usman
  • First Muslim naval fleet to fight Greeks in Mediterranean
  • Hazrat Ali RA wanted to remove him from office
  • Fought against Hazrat Ali
  • Became Khalifa after Hazrat Imam Hassan
  • North Africa conquered
  • Founded Umayyad dynasty
  • Died aged 75
  • Nominated Yazeed as successor

• Ubbay bin Ka’ab

  • Pledged allegiance at Aqabah
  • One of the first from Madinah to accept Islam
  • Wrote letters for Prophet PBUH
  • Last verse revealed in 10 AH written by him
  • Learn Quran by heart at time of Prophet PBUH’s death
  • Had his own complete copy of the Quran
  • Beautiful recitation
  • Constant in worship
  • Part of Hazrat Abu Bakr’s consultative body
  • Died in 29 AH during Hazrat Usman’s Khilafat

• Khalid Bin Walid

  • Accepted Islam after Treaty of Hudaibiya
  • Saif Ullah – for his military tactics and bravery- means sword of Allah
  • Game changer in Battle of Uhad
  • Prominent in Battle of Muta
    • 9 swords were broken by his hand
  • Commander of army against apostates
  • Leader of 1 squadron in Conquest of Makkah
  • Important in army of Hazrat Abu Bakr and Hazrat Umar against Romans and Persians
    • Served as commander too
  • Died 21 AH

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1.3 Personalities

• Anas bin Malik

  • Belonged to Khazraj
  • 10 years old at time of migration of Prophet PBUH
  • Mother one of the earlier converts
  • He was given in care of Prophet PBUH
  • Would stay with prophet PBUH
  • Did not participate in Badr due to young age
  • The 4 Khalifas trusted him
  • Overseer in Bahrain in time of Hazrat Abu Bakr RA
  • Sent to educate people of Basra by Hazrat Umar RA
  • Last of Prophet PBUH’s companions to die
  • Died in 93 AH

• Abu Ayub Ansari

  • Khazraj
  • Become Muslim at second pledge of Aqabah
  • Prophet PBUH stayed in his house till Masjid was built
  • Took part in all battles
  • Was part of conquest of Egypt
  • Governor of Madinah under Hazrat Ali
  • Took part in Cyprus invasion under Ameer Muawiya
  • Died in epidemic in Byzantine capital epidemic
  • 50 AH

• Usama bin zaid

  • Son of Zaid bin Haris
  • Born in 3rd year of Prophet Hood
  • Prophet PBUH loved him a lot
  • Took part in trench, Khyber and Hunain
  • Commander of Syrian expedition
  • Prophet PBUH prayed for him at his deathbed
  • Syrian expedition done in time of Hazrat Abubakr
  • Came back victorious
  • Died at 54 buried in Madina

• Amr Bin Aas

  • Embraced Islam after Treaty of Hudaibiya
  • Very brave
  • Got famous because of Conquest of Egypt
  • He sided with Muawiya against Hazrat Ali RA
  • Prophet PBUH called him one of the best from Quraysh

• Abu Musa Ashari

  • From Yemen
  • Migrated to Madinah
  • Took part in Hunain
  • Governor of Yemen in time of Prophet PBUH and Abu Bakr
  • Arbitrator in Siffin in 37 AH
  • Great understanding of Shariah
  • Died Makkah 44 AH

• Abu Hurairah

  • Became Muslim in 7 AH
  • Ahl-e-Suffah
  • Reported most Hadees
  • Prophet PBUH prayed for his excellent memory
  • Stayed with Prophet PBUH
  • Governor of Bahrain by Hazrat Umar
  • Resigned
  • Died 57 AH

• Abdullah bin Umar

  • Son of Hazrat Umar
  • Third year of Prophet Hood
  • Migrated to Madinah
  • No allowed in Badr and Uhad
  • Part in all others
  • Carefully observed Sunnah
  • Wept during recitation
  • Nafi was his slave
    • Released him
  • Second to Abu Hurairah in narrations

Lesson Objectives

• Salman Farsi

  • Persian
  • Wandered here and there till he met Prophet PBUH
  • Took part in all battles in and after trench
  • He gave the idea of Trench digging
  • He died during Khilafat of Hazrat Usman

• Mu’az bin Jabal

  • Offered allegiance to Aqabah
  • Constantly in company
  • Governor of Yemen
  • He said he would judge by Quran, the Sunnah and then his own judgement
  • Was considered scholar by Prophet PBUH
  • He was said to e the one with most understanding of lawful and unlawful
  • Went to Syrian expedition in Khilafat of Hazrat Abu Bakr
  • Died in 18 AH in Syria

• Jafar bin Abu Talib

  • Brother of Hazrat Ali
  • Early convert
  • Migrated to Abyssinia
  • Represented Muslims in front of Najashi
  • Came to Madinah in 7 AH
  • Prophet PBUH gave him land near Masjid e Nabawi
  • Died in Mutah in 8 AH
  • Received 90 wounds
  • Both hands cut in battle
  • Allah gave him wings instead
    • Called Jaffar Tayyar
      • Jaffar the flier
  • Abul Masakeen-generous
  • Prophet PBUH said that Jaffar resembled him in features and manners

• Hazrat Abu Zar Ghaffari

  • Early converts
  • Always truthful
  • Recited Kalimah loudly in Ka’abah
    • Was beaten badly
  • Half of his tribe accepted Islam
  • Migrated to Madinah after Trench
  • Stayed close to Prophet PBUH
  • Settled in Syria after death of Prophet PBUH
  • One of 14 excellent friends of Prophet PBUH

• Hazrat Hamza

  • Uncle
  • Foster brother of Prophet PBUH
  • He did not take any notice of Islam early because he was busy in his past times
  • Abu Jahl abused prophet PBUH which enraged him
    • He attacked Abu Jahl
    • Then became Muslim
  • Prophet PBUH was able to preach openly
  • Migrated to Madinah
  • Commander of 30 men to check caravan of on  believers at time of Badr
  • He was the first to lead Muslims army in Islam
  • Sent of various military missions
  • He killed many warriors of Quraysh at Badr
  • In Uhad – Wahshi killed him and Hinda chewed his liver
  • Cut off his nose and ears and made a necklace of them
  • Prophet PBUH led funereal prayers
  • He was called Chief of the Martyrs

• Hazrat Bilal

  • First Muezzin
  • Abyssinian slave
  • Suffered cruelties of pagans
  • His master placed stone on his chest while making him lie of scorching desert heat
  • He still did not give up Islam
  • Hazrat Abu Bakr freed him
  • He became Muezzin e Rasool
  • He used to cry in Azan after death if Prophet PBUH
  • So went to Jihad in Syria
  • In Badr he killed his tormenting master
  • He called Azan from roof of ka’abah at conquest of Makkah
  • Performed funereal of Prophet PBUH
  • Went with Abu Ubaidah bin Jarrah to Syria
  • Called his last Azan on Haazrat Umar’s request
  • Died in Damascus
  • In last days – started living alone

• Abu sufyan

  • Leader of Banu Umayyah
  • Led trade caravans
  • Enemy of prophet PBUH for 20 years
  • His daughter migrated to Abyssinia with a Muslim so he was angry
  • He did not want Banu Hashim to take over the leadership
  • He was the reason Battle of Badr happened
  • His son died in battle
  • One son taken prisoner
  • Became commander of Makkah
  • Became Muslim at conquest of Makkah
  • His house was declared Dar-ul-aman
  • Took part in siege of Taif
  • Governor of Najran and Hijaz under Hazrat Abu Bakr
  • Died in 31 AH

• Abu Talib

  • Uncle of Prophet PBUH
  • Took care of prophet when his father mother and grandfather died
  • He gave protection to Prophet PBUH when he started preaching
  • Cheifs of Makkah cant do much because Abu Talib gave protection
  • He was threatened by chiefs
  • He asked prophet to not put a burden on him he cant bear
  • Upon seeing Prophet PBUH’s determination
    • He pledged support
    • He asked his tribe to protect Prophet PBUH too
  • His death was a serious loss of Prophet PBUH
  • His death year called year of grief

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1.4 Emigrants and Helpers

• Muhajirin

  • Emigrants
  • Had face tortures of Quraysh for Islam
  • Left everything behind
  • Not used for Prophet PBUH – the term
  • Quran considered all the emigrants from Makkah the Muhajirin
  • They are held in high regard for the sacrifices they made for Islam

• Ansars

  • People of Madinah
  • Who shared their belongings with the Muhajirin
  • Most of them from khazraj
    • Who had invited Prophet PBUH to Madinah
  • They wanted Khalifa from themselves after Prophet PBUH’s death
    • Agreed on Hazrat Abu Bakr instead
  • Were generous
  • Praised in the Quran