Computers can only understand machine code, which is in binary form of 1 and 0. A program written in a programming language must be translated to machine code to ensure that the computer can understand it. We tell computer through …
Types of Software Series of instructions telling a computer what to do. Created using programming languages They can be put into different categories System software Manages the running of a hardware Manages other software Provides communication between hardware and software …
Network Hardware Network means computer and devices that are joined together using wireless technology Network interface card (NIC), router, and some transmission media required Computer has an NIC within it It can be attached separately as well It can be …
Data Storage Can be temporary or permanent Primary Storage This is the storage that the CPU can access directly 2 main types of primary storages: RAM and ROM RAM means random access memory ROM means read only memory Characteristics of …
The role of the CPU Central Processing Unit is the brain of the computer Some devices have it in the form of a microprocessor Sometimes, microprocessor has sensors and actuators installed as well, which makes it an embedded system to …
Computer Architecture Focuses on how a computer actually works. Important components Central Processing Unit (CPU) Also called processor or microprocessor A computer cannot work without this part Usually a single microchip contains the CPU as an integrated circuit. All processing …
The Purpose of Encryption Public network based data transmission has a risk of interception A hacker in such circumstances is called an eavesdropper Encryption can lower the risk Encryption means converting data into unreadable form It DOES NOT prevent interception …
Data Packets Sending data over long distances Requires breaking data in data packets Also called datagrams Usually very small 64 KiB Easier to control over long continuous data stream of data Each packet can be sent through a different route …
Measurement of Data Storage Bit Basic unit of computer memory storage It either has a value of 0 or 1. Word comes from Binary digIT. Byte Smallest unit of memory in computer 1 byte has 8 bits. Nibble Half the …
Character Sets – ASCII Code and Unicode ASCII code American Standard Code for Information Interchange Set up in 1963 Newer version in 1986 The standard character set consists of 7-bit codes 0 to 127 in denary. 00 to 7F in …