More Tips for 10 Marks
Detailed Guide For ANY 10 Marks Source Material Question
A Level Law Paper 2
Written and Compiled By Sir Hunain Zia (AYLOTI), World Record Holder With 154 Total A Grades, 11 World Records and 7 Distinctions, Educate A Change.
Nature Of The 10 Marks Question
10 Mark Questions In Paper 2 Are:
• Scenario-Based Questions
• Application Questions
• Source Material Questions
• Law-To-Facts Questions
They Are NOT:
• Pure Theory Questions
• Essay Questions
• Definition Questions
• Long Evaluation Questions
MOST IMPORTANT RULE
ONLY USE:
• Cases Given In The Source Material
• Statutes Given In The Source Material
• Legal Principles Given In The Source Material
NEVER DO THIS
• Do Not Bring Random Outside Cases
• Do Not Show Off Memorised Extra Cases
• Do Not Use Cases Not Mentioned In Source
• Do Not Turn Answer Into Essay
Why?
Because These Questions Test:
• Ability To Apply GIVEN Law
NOT
• Ability To Dump Memorised Cases
What Examiners Want
• Accurate Application
• Direct Use Of Source Material
• Correct Legal Reasoning
• Structured Analysis
• Clear Conclusions
Core Formula For ANY 10 Marks Question
OFFENCE
SOURCE RULE
INGREDIENT-BY-INGREDIENT APPLICATION
SOURCE CASE APPLICATION
MINI CONCLUSIONS
FINAL LIABILITY CONCLUSION
= High-Level Answer
Written and Compiled By Sir Hunain Zia (AYLOTI), World Record Holder With 154 Total A Grades, 11 World Records and 7 Distinctions, Educate A Change.
Perfect Structure For ANY 10 Marks Question
Paragraph 1 — Identify Offence
Immediately Identify:
• Offence
• Statute
• Relevant Section
Template
• “X May Be Liable For _____ Under s___ Of The _____ Act _____.”
Example
• “Peter May Be Liable For Obtaining Services Dishonestly Under s11 Fraud Act 2006.”
Paragraph 2 — State Legal Rule From Source
Explain ONLY The Legal Ingredients Given In Source Material.
Template
• “Under s___, The Prosecution Must Prove That:”
• Ingredient 1
• Ingredient 2
• Ingredient 3
• Ingredient 4
Example
• “Under s11 Fraud Act 2006, The Prosecution Must Prove That The Defendant Obtained Services Dishonestly, Knew Payment Was Required, And Intended Payment Would Not Be Made.”
Paragraph 3 Onward — Ingredient Application
Every Ingredient Must Follow This Pattern:
LAW
• State Legal Ingredient
FACT
• Select Exact Fact From Scenario
EFFECT
• Explain Why Fact Satisfies Ingredient
MINI CONCLUSION
• State Ingredient Proven
UNIVERSAL TEMPLATE
• “The Requirement Of _____ Is Satisfied Because _____.”
• “This Is Shown By _____.”
• “Therefore _____ Is Established.”
Example
• “The Requirement Of Dishonesty Is Satisfied Because Peter Deliberately Entered Through A Hole In The Fence To Avoid Paying.”
• “This Shows He Was Acting Dishonestly.”
• “Therefore Dishonesty Is Established.”
Written and Compiled By Sir Hunain Zia (AYLOTI), World Record Holder With 154 Total A Grades, 11 World Records and 7 Distinctions, Educate A Change.
How To Use Cases Properly
BIGGEST EXAM RULE
Only Use Cases GIVEN In The Source Material.
NEVER
• Add Extra Cases
• Add Outside Authorities
• Add Memorised Cases Not Mentioned
Correct Method
Step 1
State Principle From Source Case
Step 2
Apply Principle To Facts
Step 3
Conclude
PERFECT CASE TEMPLATE
• “Following _____, The Test Is Whether _____.”
• “This Applies Because _____.”
• “Therefore _____ Is Established.”
Example
• “Following R v Barton And Booth, Dishonesty Is Judged According To Whether An Ordinary Honest Person Would Regard The Conduct As Dishonest.”
• “This Applies Because Peter Deliberately Avoided Payment And Lied To Security.”
• “Therefore Dishonesty Is Established.”
What Weak Students Do
• “R v Barton And Booth Applies.”
STOP.
That Gets Weak Marks.
What Strong Students Do
• Explain Principle
• Apply Principle
• Link To Facts
• Reach Legal Conclusion
How Many Cases To Use?
Usually:
• 1–2 Cases Maximum
• ONLY Cases In Source
• ONLY Where Relevant
Golden Rule
Quality Of Application > Number Of Cases
Best Paragraph Formula
POINT
• State Ingredient
LAW
• State Legal Rule
FACT
• Use Scenario Fact
ANALYSIS
• Explain Why Fact Satisfies Rule
CASE
• Apply Source Case
MINI CONCLUSION
• State Whether Element Proven
Written and Compiled By Sir Hunain Zia (AYLOTI), World Record Holder With 154 Total A Grades, 11 World Records and 7 Distinctions, Educate A Change.
Full Universal Skeleton
Opening
• X May Be Liable For _____ Under s___ _____ Act _____.
Rule Paragraph
• Under s___, The Prosecution Must Prove:
• _____
• _____
• _____
Ingredient 1
• The Requirement Of _____ Is Satisfied Because _____.
• This Is Shown By _____.
• Therefore _____ Is Established.
Ingredient 2
• The Requirement Of _____ Is Also Satisfied Because _____.
• This Demonstrates _____.
• Therefore _____ Is Proven.
Source Case Paragraph
• Following _____, The Test Is Whether _____.
• This Applies Because _____.
• Therefore _____ Is Established.
Final Conclusion
• Therefore X Is Likely Guilty/Not Guilty Of _____.
How Examiners Actually Mark 10 Marks
| Area | Marks |
|---|---|
| Correct Offence | 1 |
| Correct Statute | 1 |
| Legal Ingredients | 2 |
| Application To Facts | 3–4 |
| Source Case Application | 1–2 |
| Final Conclusion | 1 |
Biggest High-Level Trick
DO NOT:
• Retell Story
• Copy Scenario
• Dump Theory
Instead:
• Explain LEGAL EFFECT Of Every Fact
Weak Application
• “Peter Climbed Through Fence.”
Strong Application
• “Peter Climbed Through The Fence To Avoid Paying, Showing Dishonesty And Intention Not To Pay.”
Weak Case Usage
• “R v Barton And Booth Applies.”
Strong Case Usage
• “Following R v Barton And Booth, An Ordinary Honest Person Would Regard Peter’s Conduct As Dishonest Because He Deliberately Avoided Payment And Lied To Security.”
Written and Compiled By Sir Hunain Zia (AYLOTI), World Record Holder With 154 Total A Grades, 11 World Records and 7 Distinctions, Educate A Change.
Common Mistakes That Destroy Marks
Mistake 1 — Using Outside Cases
WRONG.
Use ONLY Source Cases.
Mistake 2 — Writing Essay Instead Of Application
Do Not Write Huge Theory Paragraphs.
Apply Law Immediately.
Mistake 3 — Retelling Facts
Facts Alone Get Almost No Marks.
Always Explain Legal Significance.
Mistake 4 — No Conclusion
Always End With:
• Guilty
OR
• Not Guilty
OR
• Likely Liable
Mistake 5 — No Structure
Separate Ingredients Clearly.
One Ingredient = One Paragraph.
Mistake 6 — Ignoring Source Material
The Source IS The Question.
Use It Constantly.
Mistake 7 — No Statute
Always Mention:
• Section
• Act
• Offence
Advanced Examiner Tricks
Mini Conclusions
After EVERY Ingredient:
• “Therefore _____ Is Established.”
This Creates Constant Analysis Marks.
Repeated Legal Language
Use Words Like:
• Therefore
• This Suggests
• This Demonstrates
• Consequently
• Following
• Thus
Use Exact Legal Terms
Instead Of:
• “He Was Bad”
Write:
• “He Acted Dishonestly.”
Time Management
| Stage | Time |
|---|---|
| Read Source | 2 Minutes |
| Identify Ingredients | 2 Minutes |
| Write Answer | 10–11 Minutes |
| Check Conclusion | 1 Minute |
Final Universal Golden Formula
IDENTIFY OFFENCE
→
STATE SOURCE RULE
→
APPLY EACH INGREDIENT
→
APPLY SOURCE CASE
→
MINI CONCLUSIONS
→
FINAL LIABILITY CONCLUSION
= TOP BAND 10 MARK ANSWER
Written and Compiled By Sir Hunain Zia (AYLOTI), World Record Holder With 154 Total A Grades, 11 World Records and 7 Distinctions, Educate A Change.