Globalisation And Crime: Reasons For The Emergence Of Global Crimes, Such As Human Trafficking, Corporate Crime And Crimes Against The Environment (Copy)
Globalisation & Crime: Emergence of Global Crimes
Core Idea
| Concept | Explanation | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Global Crime | Crimes that transcend national borders due to globalisation. | Human trafficking networks, cybercrime. |
| Link to Globalisation | Increased interconnectedness creates opportunities for cross-border crime. | Internet enabling fraud. |
| Main Types | Human trafficking, corporate crime, environmental crime, cybercrime. | From forced migration to illegal logging. |
Reasons for Emergence
| Reason | Explanation | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Global Markets | Expansion of trade enables illicit goods to circulate globally. | Drug trafficking routes across continents. |
| Cheap Labour Demand | Exploitation of vulnerable people in global supply chains. | Sweatshops using trafficked workers. |
| Inequality | Poverty drives people into criminal networks as survival. | Child labour in developing countries. |
| Technology | Internet facilitates global scams and dark web trade. | Online credit card fraud. |
| Weak Regulation | Developing states lack power to regulate corporations. | Toxic waste dumping in Africa. |
Written and Compiled By Sir Hunain Zia, World Record Holder With 154 Total A Grades, 7 Distinctions and 11 World Records For Educate A Change A2 Level Sociology Full Scale Course
Human Trafficking
| Aspect | Explanation | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Illegal trade of humans for forced labour, sexual exploitation, or slavery. | Trafficking of women for sex trade in Europe. |
| Cause | Demand for cheap, flexible labour; poverty. | Migrant workers trapped in Gulf states. |
| Globalisation Link | Easier transport and communication networks. | Online recruitment of vulnerable migrants. |
Corporate Crime
| Aspect | Explanation | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Crimes committed by corporations for profit. | Tax evasion, unsafe working conditions. |
| Globalisation Link | Multinational corporations operate across weakly regulated states. | Rana Plaza collapse in Bangladesh. |
| Examples | Exploitation, bribery, tax avoidance, unsafe environments. | Apple/Foxconn labour rights violations. |
| Criticism | Hard to prosecute across jurisdictions. | Offshore banking in tax havens. |
Written and Compiled By Sir Hunain Zia, World Record Holder With 154 Total A Grades, 7 Distinctions and 11 World Records For Educate A Change A2 Level Sociology Full Scale Course
Environmental Crime
| Aspect | Explanation | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Harm to the environment through illegal or harmful activities. | Logging, poaching, toxic waste dumping. |
| Globalisation Link | Global demand for resources increases exploitation. | Amazon deforestation for beef industry. |
| Crimes | Illegal logging, wildlife trafficking, pollution. | Ivory trade in Africa. |
| Criticism | Often ignored compared to financial crime. | Weak penalties for oil spills. |
Key Perspectives
| Perspective | View | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Marxists | Global crime = product of capitalism and inequality. | Exploitation of cheap labour in sweatshops. |
| Green Criminology | Focus on environmental harm beyond legal definitions. | Climate crimes from fossil fuel industries. |
| Feminists | Women disproportionately affected (trafficking, exploitation). | Sexual exploitation in human trafficking. |
| Postmodernists | Global crime reflects new risks of a globalised world. | Cybercrime blurring borders. |
Written and Compiled By Sir Hunain Zia, World Record Holder With 154 Total A Grades, 7 Distinctions and 11 World Records For Educate A Change A2 Level Sociology Full Scale Course
Quick Revision Phrases
- “Global crimes cross borders due to globalisation.”
- “Human trafficking = labour + sexual exploitation.”
- “Corporate crime = multinationals exploiting global gaps.”
- “Environmental crime = illegal logging, pollution, poaching.”
- “Causes: inequality, global markets, weak regulation, technology.”
Written and Compiled By Sir Hunain Zia, World Record Holder With 154 Total A Grades, 7 Distinctions and 11 World Records For Educate A Change A2 Level Sociology Full Scale Course