Globalisation And Migration: The Causes Of Global Migration, Including Immigration, Emigration, Net Migration, Push And Pull Factors, Global Labour Patterns And Tourism (Copy)
Globalisation & Migration: Causes of Global Migration
Core Idea
| Concept | Explanation | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Global Migration | Movement of people across borders due to economic, social, political, and environmental factors. | Syrian refugees in Europe. |
| Globalisation Link | Interconnected economies and transport make large-scale migration easier. | Cheap air travel boosting tourism and labour migration. |
| Net Migration | Balance between immigration and emigration in a country. | UK net migration rise post-2004 EU enlargement. |
Immigration & Emigration
| Type | Explanation | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Immigration | People entering a country to live/work. | Poles moving to UK post-EU expansion. |
| Emigration | People leaving their country to settle elsewhere. | Mexicans moving to USA. |
| Net Migration | Difference between inflows and outflows. | Canada has positive net migration due to skilled migrants. |
Written and Compiled By Sir Hunain Zia, World Record Holder With 154 Total A Grades, 7 Distinctions and 11 World Records For Educate A Change A2 Level Sociology Full Scale Course
Push Factors
| Factor | Explanation | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Poverty | Lack of income/resources pushes people out. | Rural workers leaving Sub-Saharan Africa. |
| Conflict | Wars and persecution displace people. | Refugees from Afghanistan. |
| Unemployment | Lack of jobs drives emigration. | Youth unemployment in Southern Europe. |
| Environmental | Climate change, natural disasters force migration. | Rising sea levels in Pacific Islands. |
Pull Factors
| Factor | Explanation | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Employment | Better job opportunities attract migrants. | Indian IT workers moving to USA. |
| Education | Access to better education. | International students in UK/USA. |
| Safety | Political stability and security. | Refugees seeking asylum in Canada. |
| Quality of Life | Better healthcare, infrastructure, freedom. | Retirees moving to Spain. |
Written and Compiled By Sir Hunain Zia, World Record Holder With 154 Total A Grades, 7 Distinctions and 11 World Records For Educate A Change A2 Level Sociology Full Scale Course
Global Labour Patterns
| Aspect | Explanation | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Low-Skilled Migration | Movement to fill labour shortages. | Construction workers in Gulf States. |
| High-Skilled Migration | “Brain drain” from developing to developed countries. | Indian doctors working in UK. |
| Remittances | Migrants send money back home, boosting economies. | Filipino workers sending wages to families. |
| Gendered Migration | Women dominate domestic/care work migration. | Filipina and Sri Lankan domestic workers in Middle East. |
Tourism as Migration Driver
| Aspect | Explanation | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Short-Term Movement | Temporary global migration for leisure. | Europeans holidaying in Thailand. |
| Economic Impact | Tourism creates global jobs, encourages temporary migration. | Caribbean economies dependent on tourism. |
| Cultural Impact | Tourism encourages intercultural exchange. | Global festivals attracting visitors. |
| Criticism | Often seasonal/insecure jobs, tied to global inequalities. | Exploitation of workers in tourist resorts. |
Written and Compiled By Sir Hunain Zia, World Record Holder With 154 Total A Grades, 7 Distinctions and 11 World Records For Educate A Change A2 Level Sociology Full Scale Course
Quick Revision Phrases
- “Migration = immigration + emigration → net migration.”
- “Push: poverty, conflict, unemployment, environment.”
- “Pull: jobs, education, safety, quality of life.”
- “Labour migration: low-skilled, high-skilled, remittances, gendered.”
- “Tourism = short-term migration, global cultural exchange.”
Written and Compiled By Sir Hunain Zia, World Record Holder With 154 Total A Grades, 7 Distinctions and 11 World Records For Educate A Change A2 Level Sociology Full Scale Course