Management of The Harvesting of Marine Species (Copy)
5.4 Management of the Harvesting of Marine Species – Cheat Sheet
Strategies for Sustainable Harvesting
| Strategy | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Net Types & Mesh Size | Larger mesh nets allow young fish to escape → ensures future stocks | North Sea cod regulations |
| Species-Specific Methods | Pole-and-line fishing targets tuna without bycatch | Sustainable tuna fishing in Maldives |
| Quotas | Limits on amount of fish caught per species per year | EU Common Fisheries Policy |
| Closed Seasons | Bans on fishing during breeding seasons → populations recover | Lobster closed season in Caribbean |
| Protected Areas/Reserves | Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) ban/limit fishing → safe breeding grounds | Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, Australia |
| Conservation Laws | National bans on harmful practices (e.g., dynamite or cyanide fishing) | Philippines ban on blast fishing |
| International Agreements | Cooperation between countries for shared stocks | International Whaling Commission ban on commercial whaling |
Case Studies
| Case Study | Resource Potential & Exploitation | Impact | Management |
|---|---|---|---|
| North Atlantic Cod Fishery (Canada) | Rich cod stocks, heavily exploited by large trawlers | Collapse of cod population in 1990s | Moratorium on cod fishing, quotas, monitoring |
| Tuna Aquaculture (Japan) | Farming tuna for high-value markets | Requires large food input (other fish), risk of pollution | Improved feed efficiency, waste management, habitat monitoring |
Quick Pointers
- Overfishing prevention relies on regulating effort (nets, quotas, seasons).
- Marine farming provides alternatives but must address pollution and habitat impact.
- International cooperation = essential for migratory and shared species.
Written and Compiled By Sir Hunain Zia, World Record Holder With 154 Total A Grades, 7 Distinctions and 11 World Records For Educate A Change O Level And IGCSE Environmental Management Full Scale Course